The frequency will be the greater the stronger the suction, and may,under certain conditions, reach hundreds and even thousands persecond. It scarcely need be stated that instead of one, several explosionchambers may be used for cooling purposes and also to increase thenumber of active pulses and the output of the machine. Apparatus asillustrated in Fig. 4 presents the advantages of extreme simplicity,cheapness and reliability, there being no compressor, buckets ortroublesome valve mechanism. It also permits, with the addition of certainwell known accessories, the use of any kind of fuel and thus meets thepressing necessity of a self- contained, powerful, light and compactinternal combustion motor for general work. When the attainment of thehighest efficiency is the chief object, as in machines of large size, theexplosive constituents will be supplied under high pressure and provisionmade for maintaining a vacuum at the exhaust. Such arrangements are quite familiar and lend themselvesso easily to this improvement that an enlargement on this subject is deemed unnecessary...The high efficiency of the device, irrespective ofthe character of the pulses, is due to twocauses: first, rapid reversal of direction of flowand, second, great relative velocity of thecolliding fluid columns. As will be readily seeneach bucket causes a deviation through anangle of 180 degrees, and another change of 180 degrees occurs in each of the spaces between twoadjacent buckets.That is to say, from the time the fluid enters or leaves one of the recesses to its passage into, or exit from,the one following a complete cycle, or deflection through 360 degrees, is effected. Observe now that thevelocity is but slightly reduced in the reversal so that the incoming and deflected fluid columns meet with arelative speed, twice that of the flow, and the energy of their impact is four times greater than with adeflection of only 901, as might be obtained with pockets such as have been employed in asymmetricalconduits for various purposes. The fact is, however, that in these such deflection is not secured. the pocketsremaining filled with comparatively quiescent fluid and the latter following a winding path of least resistancebetween the obstacles interposed. In such conduits the action cannot be characterized as "valvular" becausesome of the fluid can pass almost unimpeded in a direction opposite to the normal flow. In my construction,as above indicated, the resistance in the reverse may be 200 times that in the normal direction. Owing to thisa comparatively very small number of buckets or elements is required for checking the fluid.A NEW ADVANCE IN TESLA TURBINE THEORYObservant students of the disk turbine design might have wondered why some of Tesla's engines do notappear to use a labyrinth seal between the end disks and the corresponding engine casing end plates. Afterall, the patent drawings clearly show these seals and the accompanying text describes them at length. At thesame time, photographs of the dual 200 H.P. turbine installed at the Edison Waterside plant in New Yorkreveal an absence of this feature.http://www.frank.germano.com/teslaturbine.htm (3 of 15)2004/11/22 09:47:13 AMTesla's Turbine: The Tesla, Bladeless Boundary Disk TurbineIt is believed the answer lies in the design of the engine's inlet nozzle. (click on image - left- for larger view) It has been proposed that the slot shaped nozzle might have beenconstructed in such a manner that the propelling gas was never allowed to enter directlyinto the two interdiscular spaces nearest to the ends of the rotor.In other words, it is believed the nozzle slot was narrower than the overall width of the rotor, by slightly morethan two spaces. It might be said that the total number of disks was greater by two than the number of activedisks. For example, a turbine with 25 disks, including the thicker end disks, might be described as having 23active disks. This would allow any of the propelling gas which did get past the outermost active disks to passthrough the two outermost interdiscular spaces rather than between the end disks and the engine's endplates.Tesla's two variations of inlet nozzlesIn FIG #4, Tesla used a variable inlet nozzle #12, andcontrolled the amount of gas entering by a movable"block" - #13.Note that also, in FIG #4, the inlet and exhaust port sizewas increased, to allow for more power, on demand.Tesla, in FIG #5 used a diverging inlet nozzle -#15, controlled by a "butterfly" valve, #16 .This design was to be incorporated into Tesla's''flying machine'', with two 10'' turbines, rated at400 HP.REF: Tesla Patent # 1,655,114 of 1928.From the "New York Herald Tribune", Oct. 15th 1911Tesla's New Monarch of Machines
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