Peptic ulcers are the most common c

Peptic ulcers are the most common cause of UGIB, accounting
for up to ∼50% of cases; an increasing proportion is due to nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), with the prevalence
of Helicobacter pylori decreasing. Mallory-Weiss tears account
for ∼5–10% of cases. The proportion of patients bleeding from
varices varies widely from ∼5 to 40%, depending on the population.
Hemorrhagic or erosive gastropathy (e.g., due to NSAIDs or
alcohol) and erosive esophagitis often cause mild UGIB, but major
bleeding is rare.