100:24:00,040 --> 00:24:06,240luôn luôn có vi trùng hoặc vi khuẩn và những thứ khác như nấm vẫn còn trên đó200:24:06,240 --> 00:24:08,520và chúng tôi không muốn những thứ đó vào chúng ta từ thế giới bên ngoài300:24:08,520 --> 00:24:13,400Hiện tại, mặc dù đây là cảng đầu tiêncác cuộc gọi trong ruột nằm sâu bên trong cơ thể chúng ta 400:24:13,400 --> 00:24:16,800Vì vậy, một trong những chức năng quan trọngcủa dạ dày là khử trùng .500:24:16,800 --> 00:24:20,880Dạ dày tiết ra axit hydrochloric rất cô đặc.600:24:20,880 --> 00:24:23,320Điều này hoạt động để khử trùngthực phẩm , giúp khử trùng .700:24:23,320 --> 00:24:28,400Các axit rất cô đặc và nếuNó chạm vào da của bạn, nó sẽ gây ra một vết bỏng .800:24:28,400 --> 00:24:33,480Nhưng dạ dày bảo vệ bản thân từ chấtaxit bằng cách tiết ra một chất nhầy chuyên ngành,900:24:33,480 --> 00:24:36,280trong đó bảo vệ niêm mạc của nókhỏi axit hydrochloric1000:24:36,280 --> 00:24:39,000và ngừng làm mộtvấn đề cho dạ dày .1100:24:39,000 --> 00:24:42,680Bây giờ, loại thức ăn rơi vào trong axit mạnh này, nó bắt đầu biến dần đi .1200:24:42,720 --> 00:24:46,240Và như chúng ta đều biết, thực phẩm khi bạnđã ăn nó, đôi khi thả ra khí .1300:24:46,240 --> 00:24:49,880Đây là một nét đặc trưng giải phẫu mà nơi thực quản đi vào dạ dày1400:24:49,880 --> 00:24:53,240khoảng một phần ba đường xuống biên giới này của dạ dày , ở đây.1500:24:53,240 --> 00:24:57,280With a little dome of stomachabove there called the fundus.1600:24:57,280 --> 00:25:01,880And the gas that is fizzing away inside of thestomach tends to build up in this fundus here1700:25:01,880 --> 00:25:03,440and make a little dome of gas1800:25:03,440 --> 00:25:06,040and then every so ozen youmake a diaphragmatic movement,1900:25:06,040 --> 00:25:09,560push the gas down and it comesup the oesophagus as a burp.2000:25:09,560 --> 00:25:12,520So that is the anatomy,if you like, of a burp.2100:25:12,520 --> 00:25:15,600Another thing that the stomach doesis that it secretes a special protein,2200:25:15,600 --> 00:25:19,240which begins the primary processingof the food in the stomach.2300:25:19,240 --> 00:25:22,520The protein is called pepsin andit begins to break up the food,2400:25:22,520 --> 00:25:28,400break up the protein of the food into smaller units.2500:25:28,400 --> 00:25:31,480There is, of course, a slight problemwith this acid being present in the stomach2600:25:31,480 --> 00:25:34,000which is that the air in the fundus here2700:25:34,000 --> 00:25:38,160can actually pull apart the openingof the oesophagus into the stomach,2800:25:38,160 --> 00:25:41,160which is normally kept closedby a fairly lose sphincter.2900:25:41,160 --> 00:25:43,280And if that does getslightly pulled apart,3000:25:43,280 --> 00:25:46,880the acid from the stomach can getinto the lower end of the oesophagus.3100:25:46,880 --> 00:25:50,760Now, the oesophagus is not protected inthe same way as the stomach is from acid3200:25:50,760 --> 00:25:54,920and so that happens, it starts to inflameand irritate the bottom end of the oesophagus3300:25:54,920 --> 00:25:58,440and that is what we know as heartburn.3400:25:58,440 --> 00:26:02,320So, let's have a look at thestomach in the dissection specimen.3500:26:02,320 --> 00:26:06,400The stomach is a little bitcrumpled here on the left side.3600:26:06,400 --> 00:26:08,120We have to clean it from the inside.3700:26:08,120 --> 00:26:10,600Therefore I just fillit up now with water.3800:26:10,600 --> 00:26:15,000And there, the stomachcomes out in full.3900:26:15,000 --> 00:26:17,560Thank you.4000:26:17,560 --> 00:26:19,560Would you keep it here?4100:26:19,560 --> 00:26:22,560And now I will open it.4200:26:22,560 --> 00:26:25,720This filling of the stomachthat we have just seen here4400:26:25,720 --> 00:26:28,120is what actually happenswhen you have a large meal
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the stomach does
dramatically change in size.
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This is a little food, which, actually we placed
here and the water pushed it down into the stomach.
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We discovered our food.
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The stomach actually has quite an
impressive array of hormone secreting cells.
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And these hormones circulate in the
blood to the distal parts of the gut
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and tee-it-up to receive the food when
the stomach is ready to release it.
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The stomach also has a complicated
array of sensory receptors.
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And these identify the state that
the food is in within the stomach.
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Sometimes if you take a
bad mouth full of food,
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say with toxins in it, or with something
in it that isn't good
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