v Nội dung About the Authors ................................................................................................ xix Về các Reviewers kỹ thuật... xxi Acknowledgments .............................................................................................. xxii Introduction ....................................................................................................... xxiv Chapter 1: The Basics ............................................................................................. 1 Electricity ........................................................................................................................... 2Electrical Analogy ..................................................................................................................................... 3Electrical Basics ....................................................................................................................................... 4Circuits ..................................................................................................................................................... 6Measuring Electricity................................................................................................................................ 7Multi-Meters ............................................................................................................................................. 7Measuring Voltage.................................................................................................................................... 8Measuring Amperage ............................................................................................................................... 9Measuring Capacitance ............................................................................................................................ 9Measuring Resistance ............................................................................................................................ 10Tính toán điện trở điện bằng cách sử dụng luật Ohm...... 11Oscilloscope ........................................................................................................................................... 12Loads ...................................................................................................................................................... 13Electrical Connections ............................................................................................................................ 14Electronics ....................................................................................................................... 15Semi-Conductors.................................................................................................................................... 16Datasheets.............................................................................................................................................. 16www.it-ebooks.info NỘI DUNG vi Integrated Circuits .................................................................................................................................. 17Through-Hole Components..................................................................................................................... 18Arduino Primer................................................................................................................. 20Arduino Variants ..................................................................................................................................... 20Arduino IDE ............................................................................................................................................. 23The Sketch.............................................................................................................................................. 24Signals.................................................................................................................................................... 26Building Circuits...............................................................................................................35Circuit Design ......................................................................................................................................... 35Schematics ............................................................................................................................................. 36Prototyping ............................................................................................................................................. 40Building a Robot .............................................................................................................. 46Hardware ................................................................................................................................................ 46Materials................................................................................................................................................. 48Work Area ............................................................................................................................................... 48Summary .........................................................................................................................49Chương 2: Arduino cho robot... 51 Interfacing Arduino .......................................................................................................... 51Relays ..................................................................................................................................................... 52Transistors.............................................................................................................................................. 58Interfacing một bộ điều khiển động cơ.................. 65User Control ..................................................................................................................... 68Tethered (Wired) Control ........................................................................................................................ 68Infrared Control (IR) ................................................................................................................................ 68Radio Control Systems ........................................................................................................................... 69Sensor Navigation............................................................................................................ 72Contact Sensing...................................................................................................................................... 72Khoảng cách và phản ánh thám............... 73www.it-ebooks.info NỘI DUNG VII Orientation (Positioning) ......................................................................................................................... 76Non-Autonomous Sensors ...................................................................................................................... 79Summary .........................................................................................................................81Chapter 3: Let’s Get Moving.................................................................................. 83 Electric Motors.................................................................................................................83Brushed động cơ (Nam châm vĩnh cửu loại)....84Brushless Motors.................................................................................................................................... 84Stepper Motors ....................................................................................................................................... 85Gear Motors ............................................................................................................................................ 86Servo Motors .......................................................................................................................................... 86Linear Actuators ..................................................................................................................................... 87Calculating Power................................................................................................................................... 87Driving .................................................................................................................................................... 88Finding the Right Motor .......................................................................................................................... 88The H-Bridge....................................................................................................................89Generating a Brake ................................................................................................................................. 90Implementation....................................................................................................................................... 90H-Bridge ICs ....................................................................................................................
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