While virtualization techniques such as VLANs and VRF are helpful, they arelimited both in scope and in value. To add maximum value, networkvirtualization must be end-to-end and it must abstract and pool networkresources in a manner similar to how server virtualization abstracts and poolscompute resources. These capabilities enable the creation of tenant-specificvirtual networks whose topology is decoupled from the topology of theunderlying physical network, and it also enables IT organizations todynamically create policy-based virtual networks to meet a wide range ofrequirements. One of the many advantages of decoupling the virtual networksfrom the physical networks is that it enables IT organizations to make changesto the physical network, such as scaling out capacity, without impacting theexisting flows. In similar fashion, one of the many advantages of having thenetwork virtualization be tenant-specific is that it enables complete isolationbetween each tenant
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