4. ProceduresSchools will be notified of an inspection on the afternoon of the previous working day, although they may be inspected without notice where concerns have been identified. The frequency of inspection is proportionate to the performance and circumstances of schools. Academies are inspected within two years of opening and thereafter are subject to the same inspection re-gime as schools maintained by local authorities.Regulations prescribe that schools must be inspected every five years, except for schools judged to be 'outstanding' at their previous inspection, which are exempt from further routine inspections unless a risk assessment raises concerns. Outstanding schools are subject to a risk assessment three years after the outstanding judgement and this is carried out annually thereafter. The risk assessment focuses on pupils’ attainment, progress and attendance, the outcomes of any other inspections carried out at the school (e.g. survey inspections), parents' views and any complaints. Schools categorised as 'good' are also subject to risk assessment after three years and the outcome of this will determine whether or not the next inspection will take place before the end of the five year period. Schools judged to require improvement, where leadership and management also require improvement, will receive an initial monitoring inspection visit, usually within 4-12 weeks of the publication of the inspection report. Schools requiring improvement, but where leadership and management are good will not normally receive such a visit. The results of the monitoring visit will determine what further monitoring and support is required. All schools requiring improvement will have a full routine re-inspection no later than 24 months after the inspection at which the school was judged to require improvement. A school judged to be ‘inadequate’ because one or more of the key areas of its performance require significant improvement, but where leaders and managers have demonstrated the capacity to improve, is likely to be judged as having serious weaknesses. These schools will be monitored and re-inspected within 18 months of their last inspection. A school judged to be ‘inadequate’ and to require special measures because it is failing to give its pupils an acceptable standard of education, and because leaders, managers or governors have not demonstrated the capacity to secure the necessary improvement, will usually receive its first monitoring inspection within three months of the inspection that made it subject to special measures. A school may receive up to five monitoring inspections over an 18-month period following the inspection that placed it in special measures. It will normally be re-inspected within 24 months.Inspectors use a range of evidence for the initial identification of issues to be followed up in inspection, including centrally collected performance data, such as that available through the interactive database RAISE online (119) (Reporting and Analysis for Improvement through school Self-Evaluation), the school’s previous inspection report, any recent Ofsted survey reports and/or monitoring letters, and information from ‘Parent View’ (120), a database collecting parents' opinions through an online survey on twelve specific aspects of a school, including the quality of its teaching, progress being made by the child, and capacity to deal with bullying. Inspectors will also take account of external views of the school’s performance. This may include any evaluation of the school’s performance by the local authority.Inspection visits do not normally last longer than two days. Inspectors will spend most of their time observing lessons and gathering robust, first-hand evidence, including through scrutiny of a school’s records and documentation. Inspectors must have regard to the views of the headteacher; the governing body/proprietor; staff members; pupils and parents. Evidence gathered by inspectors includes discussions with pupils. Emerging findings will be discussed with the headteacher at regular intervals and, where appropriate, senior staff. The headteacher should be given the opportunity to provide evidence, where relevant. The lead inspector writes the inspection report and sends the draft of the report to the headteacher for comment. At this stage judgements cannot be changed unless factual errors or missing information have a significant bearing on them.5. Outcomes of external evaluation
For each school, Ofsted's reports identify strengths and weaknesses and, where appropriate, the areas of concern and those where improvement is needed. Schools judged to require improvement are not requested to prepare separate action plans but to amend their existing plans in order to address the concerns identified. Schools judged to have serious weaknesses or those that require special measures may also amend their existing plans, rather than producing a new action plan.
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