The first group includes 3 kinds of ratio. Gross profit margin, operating profit margin and net profit margin measure the percentages of net sales remaining after the cost of goods sold, DA, interest and tax respectively. And Net Profit Margin is the ratio that’s often mentioned when discussing a company's profitability. While undeniably an important number, investors can easily see from a complete profit margin analysis that there are several income and expense operating elements in an income statement that determine a net profit margin. It behooves investors to take a comprehensive look at a company's profit margins on a systematic basis. In Figure IV.9, gross profit margin of VHC increase in the first year and then decrease gradually. Operating profit margin and Net profit margin have the same trend, which is a rise in 2009-2011 followed by a decline in 2011-2013, with the value is less than 5%.
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