According to climate change scenarios, in late 21st century, Viet Nam’s yearly mean temperature will go up by 2-30C, the total yearly and seasonal rainfall increases while the rainfall in dry seasons will decrease, the sea level can rise by 75 cm to 1 m compared to the 1980-1999 period. If the sea level rises by 1 m, about 40% of the Mekong Delta area, 11% of the Red River Delta and 3% of coastal provinces will be inundated (over 20% of Ho Chi Minh City flooded); about 10-12% of Viet Nam’s population are directly impacted and the country will lose around 10% of GDP. Climate change impacts on Viet Nam are serious threats to the cause of poverty reduction, the realization of millennium goals and the country’s sustainable development.Over the past years, due to climate change, the frequency and intensity of natural disasters have increased, causing great human and property losses, damaging socio-economic and cultural infrastructure, and imposing negative impacts on environment. In the last decade (2001-2010), such natural disasters like floods, flash floods, landslides, inundations, droughts, soil and water salinity and other calamities have resulted in 9,500 deaths and missings as well as damaged about 1.5% of annual GDP.Climate change seriously threatens food security and agricultural development: agricultural lands are narrowed, especially a significant area of low-lying coastal lands, the Red River Delta and the Mekong Delta is flooded in salt water due to the sea level rising. As a result, growth and productivity of crops as well as cultivation schedule are affected, the risk of pestilent insects increases; the time of adaptability of tropical plants expands while that of subtropical ones reduces; domestic animals’ reproduction, growth, and ability of resisting epidemics are negatively influenced.Due to climate change, water resource faces the danger of degradation because droughts increase in some certain regions and seasons, directly affecting agriculture and water supply in rural areas and cities as well as power generation. Changes in rain regime can lead to serious floods in rainy season and droughts in dry season, increasing contradictions in exploiting and using water resource.
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