4 MIN READMany dog owners believe t

4 MIN READMany dog owners believe their pets are able to pick up on their moods, but scientists have demonstrated once and for all that man’s best friend can actually recognize emotions in humans.Researchers found that by combining information from different senses dogs form abstract mental representations of positive and negative emotional states in people.Previous studies have shown that dogs can differentiate between human emotions from signs such as facial expressions. But this is not the same as emotional recognition, according to Dr Kun Guo, from the University of Lincoln’s School of Psychology.“This is the first empirical experiment that will show dogs can integrate visual and oratory inputs to understand or differentiate human emotion as dog emotion,” Kun told Reuters.Experiments were carried out by a team of animal behavior experts and psychologists at the University of Lincoln, UK, and University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.They presented 17 untrained domestic dogs with images and sounds conveying either positive or negative emotional expressions in humans and dogs.The dogs used in the testing were unfamiliar with the procedure; avoiding any chance of conditioning. The vocalization sound accompanying the human faces was also unfamiliar.“We used Portuguese to British dogs so they weren’t habituated with any words, they weren’t familiar with any words. So, we wanted to see if the dogs could assess the emotional content of the human voices and whether they would actually discriminate the emotional information within them,” explained Natalia De Souza Albuquerque, a PhD student in experimental psychology.The results, published recently in the Royal Society journal Biology Letters, found that dogs spent significantly longer looking at the facial expressions which matched the emotional state of the vocalization, for both human and canine subjects.“What we found is that when dogs were hearing positive sounds they would look longer to positive faces, both human and dog. And when they were listening to negative sounds they would look longer to negative, angry faces,” added De Souza Albuquerque.The study shows that dogs can integrate two different sources of sensory information into a perception of emotion in both humans and dogs. This means dogs must have a system of internal categorization of emotional states. Among animal groups, it’s a cognitive ability previously only evidenced in primates.The researchers believe that the ability to combine emotional cues may be inherent to dogs. As a highly social species, detecting emotions in humans would have helped them in their domestication by people over the generations.Dr Kun Guo now wants to conduct more experiments in a bid to better understand how man’s canine companions decipher human emotions. “(So) we can see whether dogs can use a human-like principle or human-like strategy to perceive, understand and respond to human emotion,” he said.“If we can understand this, surely we can understand dogs better.”

Kết quả (Việt) 1:

4 MIN READ

chủ Nhiều con chó tin rằng vật nuôi của họ có thể nhặt về tâm trạng của họ, nhưng các nhà khoa học đã chứng minh một lần và cho tất cả những người bạn thân nhất của con người có thể thực sự nhận ra cảm xúc ở người.

Các nhà nghiên cứu phát hiện ra rằng bằng cách kết hợp thông tin từ các giác quan khác nhau chó hình thành cơ quan đại diện tinh thần trừu tượng của trạng thái cảm xúc tích cực và tiêu cực trong nhân dân.

Nghiên cứu trước đây đã chỉ ra rằng chó có thể phân biệt giữa cảm xúc con người từ những dấu hiệu như nét mặt. Nhưng điều này là không giống như sự thừa nhận cảm xúc, theo Tiến sĩ Kun Guo, từ Đại học Lincoln Trường Tâm lý học.

“Đây là thí nghiệm thực nghiệm đầu tiên sẽ hiển thị những con chó có thể tích hợp đầu vào thị giác và hùng biện để hiểu hoặc cảm xúc con người phân biệt được cảm xúc con chó,” Kun nói với Reuters.

Các thí nghiệm được thực hiện bởi một nhóm các chuyên gia hành vi động vật và nhà tâm lý học tại Đại học Lincoln, Anh, và Đại học Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Họ trình bày 17 con chó trong nước chưa qua đào tạo với hình ảnh và âm thanh truyền đạt một trong hai biểu thức tích cực hay tiêu cực về cảm xúc ở người và chó.

Những con chó được sử dụng trong các thử nghiệm đã không quen với các thủ tục; tránh bất kỳ cơ hội của điều hòa. Âm thanh sự hát kèm theo khuôn mặt của con người cũng đã quen thuộc.

“Chúng tôi sử dụng tiếng Bồ Đào Nha để chó Anh nên họ không cho quen với bất kỳ lời nói, họ không quen thuộc với bất kỳ từ nào. Vì vậy, chúng tôi muốn xem liệu những con chó có thể đánh giá nội dung cảm xúc của giọng nói con người và cho dù họ sẽ thực sự phân biệt đối xử các thông tin về tình cảm trong họ,”giải thích Natalia De Souza Albuquerque, một sinh viên tiến sĩ về tâm lý học thực nghiệm.

Kết quả, công bố gần đây trong tạp chí Royal Society Biology Letters, phát hiện ra rằng những con chó dành dài hơn đáng kể nhìn vào nét mặt đó xuất hiện các trạng thái cảm xúc của sự hát, cho cả hai đối tượng con người và chó.

“Những gì chúng ta thấy là khi con chó đã được nghe âm thanh tích cực mà họ sẽ tìm lâu hơn để khuôn mặt tích cực, cả người lẫn chó. Và khi họ đã nghe những âm thanh âm họ sẽ tìm thời gian để tiêu cực, khuôn mặt tức giận,”thêm De Souza Albuquerque.

Các chương trình nghiên cứu cho rằng loài chó có thể tích hợp hai nguồn thông tin khác nhau cảm giác vào một nhận thức cảm xúc ở cả người và chó. Đây có nghĩa là chó phải có một hệ thống phân loại nội bộ của trạng thái cảm xúc. Giữa các nhóm động vật, đó là một khả năng nhận thức trước đây chỉ được chứng minh ở động vật linh trưởng.

Các nhà nghiên cứu tin rằng khả năng kết hợp các dấu hiệu cảm xúc có thể gắn liền với những con chó. Là một loài tính xã hội cao, phát hiện những cảm xúc trong con người sẽ giúp họ trong việc thuần của họ bởi những người qua nhiều thế hệ.

Tiến sĩ Kun Guo bây giờ muốn tiến hành các thí nghiệm hơn trong một nỗ lực để hiểu rõ hơn về cách các bạn chó của con người giải mã cảm xúc của con người. “(Vì vậy), chúng tôi có thể xem liệu chó có thể sử dụng một chiến lược con người giống như nguyên tắc hoặc do con người như nhận thức, hiểu và đáp ứng với cảm xúc của con người,” ông nói.

“Nếu chúng ta có thể hiểu được điều này, chắc chắn chúng ta có thể hiểu được những con chó tốt hơn.”

Kết quả (Việt) 2:

ส่วนใหญ่ของการต่อสู้ขนาดใหญ่ที่ได้รับประสบการณ์มาก่อนซึ่งได้นำไปสู่การฆ่าของเหล่านี้เป็นความจริงที่ว่าแผลที่ได้รับความเดือดร้อนจากการที่พวกเขาเหล่านั้นร้ายแรงเกินไปว่าความสามารถในการกลืนพลังได้รับไกลจากความสามารถในการให้ก้าวกับ การเดินสำรวจและในท้ายที่สุดการบังคับพลังทั้งหมดในร่างกายได้รับการหมดแล้ว

ผู้รอดชีวิตที่ตายในลักษณะนี้, ในขณะที่เนื้อหนังยังคงมีพลังงานพลังบางอย่างที่ยังสามารถใช้เป็นโรงถลุงแร่, ประสิทธิภาพและเนื้อของพวกเขาที่มีพลังสมบูรณ์เป็นธรรมชาติมากยิ่งกว่ามันเป็น.

แต่ดินแดนเริ่มต้นไม่กินอาหารมากกว่าดินแดนพระเจ้า, ดินแดนที่มีจำนวนมากของอาหาร, Jian เฉินจะไม่ดูแลถ้าชุมชนของพระเจ้าดินแดนที่เต็มไปด้วยพลังงานชีวิตในร่างกาย, แต่การเริ่มต้นของดินแดนที่อยู่อาศัยของเรา, ที่ต้องการที่จะสามารถที่จะให้ความรักของมัน พลังที่ยิ่งใหญ่ที่สุดเท่าที่เป็นไปได้ถ้าสมบัติได้รับการรักษา

"มันดูเหมือนว่าฉันต้องใส่สิ้นสุดเพื่อการต่อสู้โดยเร็วที่สุดเท่าที่เป็นไปได้และที่, เพื่อที่จะไม่ปล่อยให้มันตายมากเกินไปในชีวิตของร่างกาย, ฉันไม่สามารถปล่อยให้มันประสบบาดแผลผิวหนังมากเกินไป, มันจะต้องได้รับอนุญาตให้ทำลายกระดูกของตนทุกครั้ง เพื่อที่จะสามารถถูกฆ่าตายในเวลาที่สั้นที่สุด " ในใจของเขาที่เขามองไปข้างหน้าเพื่อจุดเริ่มต้นของดินแดนที่เกิดขึ้น, รู้ว่าถ้ามันยังคงถูกนำมาใช้ในทางที่ไม่อนุญาตให้เศษเพื่อดำเนินการต่อ.

จุดเริ่มต้นของดินแดนที่มีความแข็งแรงเกินไปที่จะทำซ้ำตัวเองในหลายหายใจและทุกครั้งที่มันกู้คืนก็กินพลังงานประหยัดชีวิตของร่างกายซึ่ง Jian เฉินต้องการ

"ดูเหมือนว่ามีเพียงสิ่งเดียวที่ต้องทำคือทำอย่างรวดเร็ว" เจียนเฉินลอดผ่านลูกบอลแสงพลังงานโยนออกจากจุดเริ่มต้นของอสูรและจู่ๆก็กลายเป็นที่คมชัดและในมือขวาของเขารังสีของแสงสีขาวดาบที่ค่อยๆกลืนกิน

นี้เป็นดาบที่ไม่ได้เป็นเพียงดาบที่เรียบง่าย, มีอำนาจหลักการที่ดีไหลและนำมาด้วยกันอีกวิธีหนึ่งของความแข็งแรงของดาบ, ซึ่งมีความแข็งแรง, แข็งแกร่งมากกว่าการประท้วงก่อนหน้านี้ของ Jian เฉิน.

เห็นเพียงดาบที่ถูกย้ายไปด้านหน้าซึ่งดาบในมือของเขาพร้อมกับครึ่งแขนหายไปได้รับการบูรณาการอย่างเต็มที่เป็นโมฆะและบูรณาการกับโมฆะ

ช่วงเวลาถัดไป, ร่างกายของดินแดนเริ่มต้น, จู่ๆก็สั่น, เต็มไปด้วยสีขม, กรีดร้องไม่ได้ที่จะฉีกขาดปอดหัวใจของเขา, ร่างกายขนาดใหญ่ตกอยู่ในพื้นดิน, เสียงดัง, และแผ่นดินได้รับการเขย่าโดยการกระแทกที่รุนแรง.

เพียงแค่หลังจากที่มันลงมามันก็ออกมาจากแสงสีขาวที่รุ่งโรจน์ซึ่งถูกแพร่กระจายออกจากร่างกายและดูเหมือนจะออกมาจากภายในความแข็งแกร่งของร่างกายเนื้อหนังของสิ่งมีชีวิต

เริ่มต้นดินแดนได้รับเสียงกรีดร้องสำหรับความเจ็บปวด, การสั่นสะเทือนของร่างกายอย่างมาก, และแรงพลังที่แข็งแกร่งกระจายจากร่างกาย, ครอบคลุมร่างกายทั้งหมด, ดูเหมือนว่าจะได้รับบาดเจ็บร้ายแรงมาก.

กระบวนการนี้กินเวลาเพียงสองครั้งการหายใจจากแสงสีขาวส่องแสงที่ออกมาจากร่างกายจากอสูรในร่างกายราวกับว่ามันเป็นวันที่มืดมนที่จะแพร่กระจาย๑๐๐๐๐จางของแสงแต่ละรังสีของแสงเป็นเหมือนใบมีดระลอก รังสีของแสงและร่างกายที่แข็งแกร่งของดินแดนเริ่มต้นถูกตัดออก

ในช่วงเวลาที่มีประสิทธิภาพในการเริ่มต้นดินแดนที่มีความกว้างของร่างกายเป็นถ้ามันได้รับการโจมตีหลายพันครั้งร่างกายทั้งหมดได้กลายเป็นที่น่ากลัวหนาแน่นเต็มไปด้วยบาดแผลขนาดเล็กและแตกต่างกันซึ่งได้ทิ้งร่างกายไว้บนขอบของชั้นวางกระจาย , มีเพียงไม่กี่ของเลือดที่เชื่อมโยงกับมัน, ไม่ได้เป็นส่วนหนึ่งของศพ.

ที่ย้ายมันเป็นทักษะลับของคุณเองของ Jian-เงาดาบ!

เงาชีวิตของดาบ, ผลของวิธีการดาบและหลักการพื้นที่, ละเว้นระยะทาง, ละเว้นอุปสรรค, ทำให้มันเป็นไปได้ที่จะก้าวหน้าการป้องกันทั้งหมด, โดยตรงเข้าสู่ร่างกายของศัตรูในร่างกาย, และโจมตีทั้งภายในและ ภาย นอก

อำนาจที่น่ากลัวที่แข็งแกร่งของการย้าย, Jian เฉิน, กับเก้าดาวพระราชกฎหมายสวรรค์, ฆ่าดินแดนจุดเริ่มต้นที่9การปฏิวัติโรงไฟฟ้า.

ถึงแม้ว่าเขาจะไม่มีดาบพระราชบัญญัติของสวรรค์เก้าดาว, เงา Life-Seizing ดาบที่น่ากลัวได้ลดลงเพื่อจัดการกับสิ่งมีชีวิตที่เทียบเท่ากับการปฏิวัติอันเป็นนิจของดินแดนที่สาม

ดังนั้นนี้เป็นสิ่งเดียวที่เกิดขึ้นและนี้จุดเริ่มต้นของดินแดนตอนนี้อยู่บนเส้นเกือบบนปากเหวของความตาย

ถ้าไม่ได้พลังของมันเป็นอย่างมากแข็ง, แทนที่ดินแดนจุดเริ่มต้นอื่นๆด้วยเช่นการโจมตีที่มีประสิทธิภาพ, แม้ร่างกายโดยตรงและจิตวิญญาณกำจัดอย่างสมบูรณ์.

แต่ในทันทีถัดไป, เริ่มต้น Realm นี้กำลังดิ้นรนที่จะยืนขึ้น, และร่างกายถูกล้อมรอบด้วยพลังหดหู่, และแผลที่มันได้รับการฟื้นตัวอย่างรวดเร็วภายใต้แพคเกจของจุดแข็งของพลัง.

"นี่ไม่ใช่วิธีที่คุณจะเสียพลังงานที่ประหยัดชีวิตเหล่านี้" มีเสียงต่ำและรู้สึกว่ามีความรู้สึกอ่อนแอของอาการวิงเวียนศีรษะในจิตใจของเขา, และเงาชีวิต-Seizing ดาบไม่สามารถเป็นบ่อยเกินไป.

Kết quả (Việt) 3:

lương tâm
Nhiều người nuôi chó tin rằng thú cưng của họ có thể cảm nhận được trạng thái của họ, nhưng các nhà khoa học đã chứng minh một lần và mãi mãi rằng người bạn tốt nhất của họ có thể nhận ra cảm xúc trong con người.
Các nhà nghiên cứu phát hiện rằng kết hợp thông tin từ các giác quan khác nhau chó tạo ra các biểu tượng trí tưởng tượng trừu tượng của trạng thái cảm xúc tích cực và tiêu cực trong con người.
Những nghiên cứu trước đã cho thấy chó có thể phân biệt cảm xúc giữa con người với biểu hiện như biểu hiện khuôn mặt.Nhưng điều này không giống với nhận dạng cảm xúc, theo như Bác s ĩ Kun Guyo, đến từ Đại học Lincoln 817s School of Psychology.
Độ sâu phân biệt cảm xúc của loài người là lẽ thường trong kinh nghiệm nghiệm thực nghiệm đầu tiên cho thấy loài chó có thể nhập vào thị giác và giới tính để hiểu hoặc phân biệt cảm xúc con người như cảm xúc của chó.
Các thí nghiệm được thực hiện bởi một nhóm chuyên gia về hành vi động vật và nhà tâm lý học tại Đại học Lincoln, Anh, và Đại học São Paulo, Brazil.
Họ giới thiệu 17 cho những con chó trong nhà chưa được huấn luyện với hình ảnh và âm thanh chuyển hóa biểu hiện cảm xúc tích cực hay tiêu cực ở người và chó.
Những con chó dùng trong thử nghiệm không quen với thủ tục, tránh bất kỳ cơ hội điều hòa nào.Âm thanh bên cạnh những khuôn mặt con người cũng xa lạ.
Chúng t ôi dùng tiếng Bồ Đào Nha cho chó Anh nên chúng đang ở đâu chăng? 817t, với bất cứ từ nào, chúng cũng quen thuộc với từ nào.Chúng tôi muốn xem liệu những con chó có thể đánh giá nội dung cảm xúc của những giọng nói con người và liệu chúng có phân biệt được nội dung cảm xúc trong họ hay không. 8921; giải thích Natalia De Souza Albuquerque, một học sinh tiến sĩ về tâm lý thử nghiệm.
Kết quả, được xuất bản gần đây trong nhật ký Khoa học Hoàng gia, phát hiện ra rằng chó đã dành nhiều thời gian hơn để nhìn vào biểu hiện khuôn mặt tương ứng với trạng thái cảm xúc của ca từ, cho cả người lẫn người pháp.
thứ chúng tôi tìm thấy là khi chó nghe những âm thanh tích cực chúng sẽ nhìn lâu hơn vào những khuôn mặt tích cực, cả con người và chó.Và khi họ nghe âm thanh tiêu cực, họ sẽ nhìn xa hơn vào những khuôn mặt tiêu cực, giận dữ, và thêm De Souza Albuquerque.
Nghiên cứu cho thấy loài chó có thể hòa nhập hai nguồn thông tin cảm xúc khác nhau vào cảm xúc của loài người và loài chó.Nghĩa là chó phải có một hệ thống phân loại nội bộ các trạng thái cảm xúc.Trong s ố các nhóm động vật, nó 817;s một khả năng nhận thức chỉ xuất hiện trong loài động vật trưởng.
Các nhà nghiên cứu tin rằng khả năng kết hợp cảm xúc có thể gắn liền với chó.Là một loài cực kì xã hội, phát hiện cảm xúc trong con người sẽ giúp họ cai trị bằng con người qua các thế hệ.
Bây giờ bác s ĩ Kun Guyo muốn tiến hành thêm các thí nghiệm để tìm hiểu thêm về cách người nam sử dụng để giải mã cảm xúc con người.(Vậy) chúng ta có thể xem liệu chó có thể sử dụng một nguyên tắc con người hay một chiến lược con người để nhận thức, hiểu và đáp ứng cảm xúc con người hay không. 892; anh ta nói.
82;Nếu chúng ta có thể hiểu điều này, chắc chắn chúng ta có thể hiểu chó tốt hơn.