GroundwaterAlthought out historic time, severe problems have for the most part only emerged during the twentieth century. The advent of powerful pumps, electricity, and petroleum have made possible high - speed extraction of groundwater where it has become a sugnificant ingredient to life and irrigation in the dry lands. However, when the water is withdrawn at a faster rates than replenishment from rechange, an entire series of adverse impacts ensues. Such " groundwater mining " leads to lowered water tables, land subsidence, poorer quality of water, possible soil salinization and waterlogging, saltwater intrusion in coastal areas, shortened life of equipment, clogging of wells, and higher energy costs in lifting water greater distances. Clearly, this resource should be very closely monitored and conservation practices used whenever possible
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