100:00:08,439 --> 00:00:10,730in 1969200:00:10,730 --> 00:00:15,380group astronauts change the world300:00:15,380 --> 00:00:21,000they ride the biggest rocket ever built400:00:21,000 --> 00:00:22,609it's the combination500:00:22,609 --> 00:00:26,359more than 10 years space pioneering600:00:26,359 --> 00:00:31,030and the foundation for more than four decades exploring worlds beyond their700:00:31,030 --> 00:00:34,579own800:00:34,579 --> 00:00:47,750this is the story our greatest adventure900:00:47,750 --> 00:00:55,600in the high desert California nasa tests and experimental rocket plane1000:00:55,600 --> 00:01:00,820the X 151100:01:00,820 --> 00:01:04,819they want to put a man into space1200:01:04,819 --> 00:01:09,149and there in a hurry1300:01:09,150 --> 00:01:12,340rockets were powering aircraft higher and higher speed1400:01:12,340 --> 00:01:14,600X 151500:01:14,599 --> 00:01:20,158had enough energy too soon to help students about the atmosphere1600:01:20,159 --> 00:01:24,820the X 15 fly so high pilot's experience weightlessness1700:01:24,819 --> 00:01:32,799and look out into the darkness of space1800:01:32,799 --> 00:01:37,269but even at six hundred thousand horsepower we need to fly four times its1900:01:37,269 --> 00:01:38,310top speed2000:01:38,310 --> 00:01:46,200to put a man into orbit the Soviet Union holds an2100:01:46,200 --> 00:01:49,700early lead in the space race launching the first2200:01:49,700 --> 00:01:53,600unmanned satellite to orbit the Earth on2300:01:53,599 --> 00:01:56,919october fourth nineteen fifty-seven sputnik love it2400:01:56,920 --> 00:02:00,600people so upset that these people can build a refrigerator2500:02:00,599 --> 00:02:11,870how can a gin and the orbit how did this happen2600:02:11,870 --> 00:02:15,650to beat the soviets nasa miss launched a man into earthworm it2700:02:15,650 --> 00:02:20,870on the Rockets can go fast enough more than 17,000 miles per hour2800:02:20,870 --> 00:02:25,569the call the program project mercury in Rally Team2900:02:25,568 --> 00:02:29,359determined young scientists and engineers to figure out how to fly3000:02:29,360 --> 00:02:30,680military missile3100:02:30,680 --> 00:02:35,409with a man on top most amiss came in from aircraft like this3200:02:35,409 --> 00:02:38,479we knew nothing about iraq it really knew nothing about3300:02:38,479 --> 00:02:42,159spacecraft nothing about our ads gene krantz3400:02:42,159 --> 00:02:45,650joins the flight directors team in nasa's earliest days3500:02:45,650 --> 00:02:50,379on so it was a question alarming to drink from a fire hose3600:02:50,379 --> 00:02:54,019we have learned all about trajectories never heard the term3700:02:54,019 --> 00:02:58,620Retro fire coming on down from orbiting spacecraft backbone3800:02:58,620 --> 00:03:02,340France develops many in the mission control procedures for launching a man3900:03:02,340 --> 00:03:03,229into space4000:03:03,229 --> 00:03:06,979on the mercury program was4100:03:06,979 --> 00:03:10,340to me it was stay at the most challenging because we had virtually4200:03:10,340 --> 00:03:11,830inventor adopt4300:03:11,830 --> 00:03:16,310every tools that we used up4400:03:16,310 --> 00:03:20,330no man has ever survived a vertical blast off on top of a rocket4500:03:20,330 --> 00:03:24,000I'll the risks are extremely high4600:03:24,000 --> 00:03:28,180at first4700:03:28,180 --> 00:03:33,780even stuntman are considered for the job4800:03:33,780 --> 00:03:37,640there were suggestions that take people like evel knievel race drivers or4900:03:37,639 --> 00:03:38,669something like that5000:03:38,669 --> 00:03:41,989and president eisner this city relative the5100:03:41,990 --> 00:03:47,550military test pilots test pilots are trained to operate and analyze5200:03:47,550 --> 00:03:54,610experimental flying machines5300:03:54,610 --> 00:03:57,850110 the military's best pilots qualified5400:03:57,849 --> 00:04:02,349nasa selects the top seven these ladies5500:04:02,349 --> 00:04:10,629the nation's mercury5600:04:10,629 --> 00:04:12,889the mercury seven astronauts become5700:04:12,889 --> 00:04:15,899instant celebrities the press follows their5800:04:15,900 --> 00:04:18,370every move5900:04:18,370 --> 00:04:22,090you the SGA you live with these guys you socialize6000:04:22,089 --> 00:04:26,579day where the story dollar sure all6100:04:26,579 --> 00:04:30,439Amanda detail paid best text applied6200:04:30,439 --> 00:04:35,538all alan shepard extremely smart6300:04:35,538 --> 00:04:37,469stock car6400:04:37,470 --> 00:04:41,389for signed assessed 10 Cooper6500:04:41,389 --> 00:04:45,150the best powered the6600:04:45,149 --> 00:04:48,159nobody missed great human being6700:04:48,160 --> 00:04:52,330Gus Grissom engineering said6800:04:52,329 --> 00:04:55,740quite you know John bland6900:04:55,740 --> 00:04:57,840civilized7000:04:57,839 --> 00:05:00,959problem most level land7100:05:00,959 --> 00:05:05,819is already a public figure after making the first cross-country supersonic7200:05:05,819 --> 00:05:07,269flight7300:05:07,269 --> 00:05:12,5290 but even for a marine astronaut training is intense7400:05:12,529 --> 00:05:16,169there an issue every every check the new7500:05:16,170 --> 00:05:20,120run I think every medical tests and you're doing the human body7600:05:20,120 --> 00:05:27,930it was a very thorough going through7700:05:27,930 --> 00:05:30,840to carry the first astronaut safely into space7800:05:30,839 --> 00:05:35,569nasa designs a pressurized capsule the one-man spacecraft7900:05:35,569 --> 00:05:39,610replaces a nuclear warhead as the payload for redstone8000:05:39,610 --> 00:05:43,030miss but they're not ready to launch men8100:05:43,029 --> 00:05:46,479into space a solo8200:05:46,480 --> 00:05:49,900rockets launched I'd say8300:05:49,899 --> 00:05:58,299somewhere between thirty and forty percent of them failed8400:05:58,300 --> 00:06:01,379a lot on came apart and went the opposite direction8500:06:01,379 --> 00:06:05,770some got way of the pain in love some8600:06:05,769 --> 00:06:09,149got to 10,000 feet turn the other way and one8700:06:09,149 --> 00:06:14,888the whole thing crumbled bleu8800:06:14,889 --> 00:06:20,288like an atomic bomb went off almost over his we've got a big kick out of watching8900:06:20,288 --> 00:06:29,039mercury astronauts great-looking eyes9000:06:29,040 --> 00:06:32,419we're looking at this thing with each other decide if we want to go back and9100:06:32,418 --> 00:06:33,889talk to the engineers little9200:06:33,889 --> 00:06:42,120or p4 you for the would be9300:06:42,120 --> 00:06:45,550engineers make the Rockets more reliable for manned flight9400:06:45,550 --> 00:06:49,020but doctors still aren't convinced the man on top9500:06:49,019 --> 00:06:52,969will be able to function in the weightlessness of space there is grave9600:06:52,970 --> 00:06:53,530del9700:06:53,529 --> 00:06:56,659in about ninety eight percent in the medical community9800:06:56,660 --> 00:07:01,919that the man could perform a task one flying injure gramley9900:07:01,918 --> 00:07:05,698he would have trouble see10000:07:05,699 --> 00:07:10,870then had trouble swallowing he would have trouble breathing10100:07:10,870 --> 00:07:14,129would have trouble talking10200:07:14,129 --> 00:07:17,199we had to prove to the medical community10300:07:17,199 --> 00:07:21,300that man would survive in the first and secondly10400:07:21,300 --> 00:07:29,829that could10500:07:29,829 --> 00:07:33,219it's not made public John Glenn10600:07:33,220 --> 00:07:37,590alan shepard and Gus Grissom10700:07:37,589 --> 00:07:41,549nasa's shortlist to be America's first man in space10800:07:41,550 --> 00:07:48,490we're all very competitive we want to get those first place January 196110900:07:48,490 --> 00:07:54,000the rocket and capsule are finally ready to fly but none of the astronauts11000:07:54,000 --> 00:07:58,788are happy about nasa's choice good11100:07:58,788 --> 00:08:06,560specially-trained chimpanzee named Han will fly the next mercury mission11200:08:06,560 --> 00:08:09,930there was a group11300:08:09,930 --> 00:08:13,050professional naysayers in washington11400:08:13,050 --> 00:08:16,620who insisted that we do some more work11500:08:16,620 --> 00:08:23,519to prove five-minute play wouldn't be fatal to men11600:08:23,519 --> 00:08:28,228up nasa's medical team since Hamas a final test11700:08:28,228 --> 00:08:34,038that man can function in zero-g_ up11800:08:34,038 --> 00:08:38,960the astronauts fear they're losing precious time none of them like that11900:08:38,960 --> 00:08:43,700alan was finding me get rid of the chimpanzee he didn't want the chimpanzee12000:08:43,700 --> 00:08:45,650to take up a rocket pick up a C12100:08:45,649 --> 00:08:49,669ok January 31 196112200:08:49,669 --> 00:08:53,349am blasts off on a sub-orbital mission into space12300:08:53,350 --> 00:09:09,6390 112400:09:09,639 --> 00:09:13,179well weightless pam's put through a series of tests12500:09:13,179 --> 00:09:17,500and performs well physically he's unaffected by zero-g_12600:09:17,500 --> 00:09:23,389ham splashes down off target12700:09:23,389 --> 00:09:26,409he's for teed12800:09:26,409 --> 00:09:29,509dehydrated but generally in good shape12900:09:29,509 --> 00:09:33,090his mission proves man can function13000:09:33,090 --> 00:09:40,379in space more
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