In the analysis of rural-urban movements, less emphasis has been placed on identifying directional flows than has been true in the analysis of interregional movements. This could be expected since, in general, the directional variable in rural-urban movement is associated with social and economic problems only when such movements are also interregional.Historically, considerable effort has been given to the measurement of selective differentials in rural-urban migration. Such effort has been associated with testing hypotheses about the "quality" and characteristics of the migrant population. For example, do the more educated, more intelligent, and more productive segments of the rural population leave the country for the city, or do they remain? Unfortunately many early studies have not had adequate data on which to base analysis and conclusions. They are frequently burdened with value judgments regarding the quality of the migrant population and are of little use to the impartial analyst. More recently, however, better data have become available.More objective research is now possible on selective differentials in rural-urban migration, and more light can be thrown on such questions as the loss of wealth from rural areas to cities through the loss os population in which a haevy investment has been made.
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