An actual plot of a window shows that the frequency characteristic of a window is a continuous spectrum with a main lobe and several side lobes. The main lobe is centered at each frequency component of the time-domain signal, and the side lobes approach zero. The height of the side lobes indicates the affect the windowing function has on frequencies around main lobes. The side lobe response of a strong sinusoidal signal can overpower the main lobe response of a nearby weak sinusoidal signal. Typically, lower side lobes reduce leakage in the measured FFT but increase the bandwidth of the major lobe. The side lobe roll-off rate is the asymptotic decay rate of the side lobe peaks. By increasing the side lobe roll-off rate, you can reduce spectral leakage.
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