Gift exchange, which is also called

Gift exchange, which is also called ceremonial exchange, is the transfer of goods or services that, although regarded as (41) _______ (VOLUNTEER) by people involved, is part of the expected social (42) _______ (BEHAVE). Gift exchange may be distinguished from other types of exchange in several respects. The first offering is made in a generous manner and there is no haggling between donor and (43) _______ (RECEIVE). The exchange is an expression of an existing social relationship or the establishment of a new one that differs from (44) _______ (PERSON) market relationships; and the profit in gift exchange may be in the sphere of social relationship and prestige rather than in material advantage. The gift-exchange cycle entails (45) _______ (OBLIGE) to give, to receive, and to return. Sanctions may exist to induce people to give. (46) _______ (REFUSE) to accept a gift may be seen as rejection of social relations and may lead to enmity. The reciprocity of the cycle rests in the (47) _______ (NECESSARY) to return the gift. The prestige associated with the appearance of (48) _______ (GENEROUS) dictates that the value of the return is (49) _______ (APPROXIMATE) equal to or greater than the value of the original (50) _______ (SIGNIFY) expression of social relations.

VII. Câu 51-60: Tìm từ thích hợp để điền vào chỗ trống trong đoạn văn. Mỗi chỗ trống chỉ điền Một từ.

Because we feel tired at bed time, it is natural to assume that we sleep because we are tired. The point seems so obvious that (51) _______ anyone has ever sought to question (52) _______ nevertheless, we must ask “tired (53) _______ what?” People certainly feel tired at the énd of a hard day’s manual work, but it is also unquestionable that office workers feel equally tired when bedtime (54) _______ Even invalids, confined (55) _______ beds or Wheelchair8, become tired (56) _______ the evening wears on. Moreover, the manual worker (57) _______ still feel tired even (58) _______ an evening spent relaxing in front of the television or (59) _______ ; a book, activities which ought to have a refreshing effect. There is no proven connection between physical exertion (60) _______ ; the need for sleep.