The earlier Expos from 1851 to the middle of the XXth century were strongly influenced by the industrial revolution and the colonial ambition of the time. Material progress based on technological innovation was at the heart of the exhibitions; and colonial pavilions where countries could showcase the exoticism of their colonies and the ethnographic characteristics of the so-called "primitive people" were great entertainment attractions of Expos. During this "age of progress" the Expos were - as the great German philosopher and cultural critic Walter Benjamin said -"the sites of the pilgrimage to the commodity fetish" and probably the most important event of cultural exchange.The First and the Second World Wars completely modified the idea of technology as a source of progress: technology could be destructive and its use should be placed under social and political responsibility.
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