Mechanical systems with impacts and friction phenomena have a long history inspiredby the work of well-known pioneers as Newton, Huygens and Poisson. The interest inconstrainedmechanicalsystemscanbeexplainedbytherichapplicationfield: robotics[113]; control of robotic manipulators driving nails, compacting powders or breakingobjects (impactors) or transition phase control of a robot arm striking the surface of anobject[31];vibrationcontrolinsuspensionbridges,shipscollidingatfendersorrattlinggears to reduce wear, damage and noise [98]; simulation of crash-tests; regulatinglanding maneuvers of spacecraft and so on. For an overview of the available literaturePage 22 of 2401.3. Common meeting ground of disciplines 13on constrained mechanical systems the interested reader may want to consult [31]for an excellent survey. The study of mechanical systems subject to impacts can besplit in different classes [31]. Among them one finds well-posedness studies [11,124,139,144,158,181] for various restitution rules (inelastic and elastic) and frictionphenomena, numerical schemes and experimental validation [12,78,192,194,199],analysis [49,72,160] and control of constrained mechanical systems [32,33]. This listis not meant to be encyclopedic and the references serve only as possible entries to thesubfields.Although practical simulation procedures have received a lot of attention, classi-cal questions of existence and uniqueness of solutions have been a little neglected.Recently, the interest for well-posedness issues (which are important for numerical
methods as well) has increased. Lötstedt [124] proved local existence and uniqueness
of smooth solutions under rather mild conditions. Of course, for global existence one
hastostudysolutiontrajectoriesinaframeworkallowingimpacts. Problemsof(global)
well-posedness for general nonlinear mechanical systems are extremely complicated,
as is demonstrated by the first published existence result of reasonable generality due
to [139], which takes a whole book [193, p. 25]. Monteiro Marques’result applies to
the single-constrained case and is based on proving convergence of the time-stepping
approach of Moreau [140,144] using techniques from the sweeping process.
Theproblemofexistenceofsolutionsforamulti-constrainednonlinearmechanical
systems was mentioned as an open problem in [139]. This open problem is partly
solved by recent work in [192,193], which uses a novel time-stepping scheme for rigid
bodydynamicswithinelasticimpactsandCoulombfrictionbasedoncomplementarity
problems. The convergence of a subsequence of the approximations has been shown.
This results in both a (partial) justification of the applied simulation procedure and a
proof of existence of solutions. The question of uniqueness is not posed in this work
and the convergence of the whole sequence (instead of a subsequence) has not been
shown. However, theideasandtechniquescouldbeusedasstartingpointforobtaining
similar results for the class of complementarity systems.
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