Crude oil and natural gas are often found together. They are both made up of hydrocarbons, which are molecules that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Hydrocarbons contain a lot of energy. When we burn them, we get this energy. We use hydrocarbons for fuel for heating, cooking, and transportation. There are also many products that we can make from hydrocarbons. We use chemical processes to change the hydrocarbon chains to make nylon, medicines, and lots of different plastics.Gasoline is a mixture of hydrocarbons with between five and eleven carbon atoms. It bums easily and is an important fuel. It is colourless but we add colour for safety. Naphthas are hydrocarbons with between seven and thirteen carbon atoms. They are clear liquids. We do not use them directly as fuels, but we can change their molecular structure at the refinery to make different fuels. Kerosene, diesel, and fuel oils are mixtures of larger molecules with higher boiling points. The largest hydrocarbons in crude oil are solid. They have more than 50 carbon atoms in long chains. Bitumen is an example.
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