ELECTRONICSPREADSHEETS, An electronic spread sheet is a tool that can be used to solve an engineering problem. Spread sheets are commonly used to record, organize, and analyze data using formulas. Spread sheets are also used to present the results of an analysis in chart form.In this chapter, we will discuss the use of spreadsheets in solving engineering problems. FORTRAN was a common programming language that was used by many engineers to perform numerical com-putations. Compared to writing a computer program and debugging it, spreadsheets are much easier to use, to record, organize, and analyze data using formulas that are input by the user. Spreadsheets are also used to show the results of an analysis in the form of charts. Because of their ease of use, spreadsheets are common in many other disci-plines, including business, marketing, and accounting.This chapter begins by discussing the basic makeup of Microsoft Excel, a common spreadsheet. We will explain how a spreadsheet is divided into rows and columns, and how to input data or a formula into an active cell. We will also explain the use of other tools such as Excel’s mathematical, statistical, and logical functionsMicrosoft Excel–Basic Ideasthespreadsheethasitsownterminology..Therefore,make sureyouspendalittletimeatthebeginningtofamiliarizeyourselfwiththeterminology, youcanfollowtheexampleslater.AtypicalExcelwindowisshowninFigure14.1.ThemaincomponentsoftheExcelwindow,whicharemarkedbyarrowsandnumbered are: 1.Titlebar:Containsthenameofthecurrentactiveworkbook. 2.Menubar(tab):ContainsthecommandsusedbyExceltoperformcertaintasks. 3.Toolbarbuttons:Containspushbuttons(icons)thatexecutecommandsusedbyExcel.4.Activecell:Aworksheetisdividedintorowsandcolumns.Acellistheboxthatyouseeastheresultoftheintersectionofacolumnandacell.Activecellreferstoaspecificselectedcell. 5.Formulabar:Showsthedataortheformulausedintheactivecell.6.Namebox:Containstheaddressoftheactivecell.7.Columnheader:Aworksheetisdividedintorowsandcolumns.ThecolumnsaremarkedbyA,B,C,D,andsoon. 8.Rowheader:Therowsareidentifiedbynumbers1,2,3,4,andsoon.9.Worksheettabs:Allowyoutomovefromonesheettoanothersheet.Asyouwilllearn later,youcannametheseworksheets.10.Statusbar:Givesinformationaboutthecommandmode.Forexample,“Ready”indicatestheprogramisreadytoacceptinputforacellor“Edit”indicatesExcelisinaneditmode
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