Charged-Particle Emitting Reactions. Almost all (n,p) reactionsare endoergic, with an interaction probability that depends on the heightof the coulomb barrier, hence the atomic-number of the emitting nucleus.For fast-neutrons, the cross-section for the (n,p) reaction has anincreasing trend for atomic-numbers up to and after reachinga maximum in the region from to 24, it decreases for heavy elements[243]. The reaction faces a stronger coulomb barrier thanthe (n,p) reaction, and its probability of occurrence tends to decreasewith increasing atomic-number. Although there is no coulomb barrier toovercome in the (n,2n) reaction, the release of two neutrons requires thedeposition of a large amount of energy into the nucleus. This makes the(n,2n) reaction predominately endoergic, with a threshold-energy in theorder of 7 to 13 MeV [243]. Therefore, the reaction is highly improbablefor mass-numbers below 40, even with 14 MeV neutrons, but its crosssectionis considerable for heavier elements. The (n,p), and (n,2n)reactions are utilized in delayed fast-neutron activation, as discussed insection 8.1.4.
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