V. các giải thích của các cam kết cụ thể làm bởi Hoa Kỳ trong lịch trình GATS158. bảng điều khiển tìm thấy, tại đoạn 7.2(a) báo cáo bảng điều khiển, mà:... Hoa Kỳ lịch trình dưới các GATS bao gồm các cam kết cụ thể trên cờ bạc và các dịch vụ cá cược dưới subsector 10.D.180The United States appeals this finding. According to the United States, by excluding "sporting" services from the scope of subsector 10.D of its GATS Schedule, it excluded gambling and betting services from the scope of the specific commitments that it undertook therein. The United States argues that the Panel misinterpreted the ordinary meaning of the text of subsector 10.D, "Other recreational services (except sporting)", and erroneously found that the ordinary meaning of "sporting" does not include gambling. The United States also contends that the Panel erred in its identification and analysis of the context in which the terms of subsector 10.D must be interpreted. In particular, the Panel is alleged to have mistakenly elevated certain documents used in the preparation of GATS Schedules (W/120 and the 1993 Scheduling Guidelines) to the status of "context", when they are in fact "mere 'preparatory work'"181, and, as such, cannot be relied upon when they suggest a meaning at odds with the unambiguous ordinary meaning of the text. According to the United States, the Panel relied on an "erroneous presumption" that, unless the United States "'expressly'" departed from W/120, the United States could be "'assumed to have relied on W/120 and the corresponding CPC references'".182 Finally, the United States argues, in the alternative, that the Panel should have found that gambling falls under subsector 10.E, "Other", where the United States made no commitment.159. In the context of the GATT 1994, the Appellate Body has observed that, although each Member's Schedule represents the tariff commitments that bind one Member, Schedules also represent a common agreement among all Members.183 Accordingly, the task of ascertaining the meaning of a concession in a Schedule, like the task of interpreting any other treaty text, involves identifying the common intention of Members, and is to be achieved by following the customary rules of interpretation of public international law, codified in Articles 31 and 32 of the Vienna Convention.184
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