Hazard analysis is ‘the identification of potentially hazardous ingredients, storage conditions, packaging, critical process points and relevant human factors which may affect product safety or quality’. HACCP enables potential hazards in a process to be identified, assessed, and controlled or eliminated. It sets tolerances for hazards and defines appropriate control measures, the frequency of their application, sampling procedures, specific tests to be used and the criteria for product acceptance. The system is based on monitoring of critical control points3 and the action to be taken when results of monitoring are outside the pre-set limits (Fig 1.18). HACCP is used throughout each stage of a process, and includes raw materials, processing, storage and distribution. It can be used for all potential hazards, including inadequate quality as well as safety, and can3. These are processing factors of which a loss of control would result in an unacceptable food safety or quality risk.
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