Dongles—A mechanism for ensuring that only authorised users can copy or use specific software applications. Usually used for veryexpensive programs. Common mechanisms include a hardware key that plugs into a port or USB slot on a computer and that asoftware application accesses for verification before executing.On Demand—On-demand computing is an increasingly popular enterprise model in which computing resources are made availableto the user as needed. The resources may be maintained within the user's enterprise, or made available by an application serviceprovider.Subscription Licensing—Licenses are paid for with a recurring (often annual) fee to continue using the software. If the fee is notpaid, the software stops working. The customer does not own the software license.Utility Computing—A service provisioning model in which a service provider makes computing resources and infrastructuremanagement available to the customer as needed, and charges them for specific usage rather than a flat rate. Like other types of ondemandcomputing (such as grid computing), the utility model seeks to maximise the efficient use of resources and/or minimiseassociated costs.Software as a Service— (SaaS) is a model of software deployment whereby a provider licenses an application to customers for useas a service on demand. SaaS software vendors may host the application on their own web servers or download the application tothiết bị tiêu dùng, vô hiệu hóa nó sau khi sử dụng hoặc sau khi hết hạn hợp đồng theo yêu cầu.
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