In MapReduce, task-based programming logic is placed asclose to the data as possible. This technique works very nicely with both structured and unstructured data. It’s no surprise that Google chose to follow a divide-and-conquer approach, given its organizational philosophy of using lots of commoditized computers for data processing and storage instead of focusing on fewer, more powerful (and expensive!)servers. Along with the MapReduce architecture, Google alsoauthored the Google File System. This innovative technology is a powerful, distributed file system meant to hold enormous amounts of data. Google optimized this file system to meet its voracious information processing needs. However, as we describe later, this was just the starting point.
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