4. kết quả4.1. nghiên cứu câu hỏi 1: trong số các loại chủ yếu phân đoạn báo cáoAs shown in Table 2, of the 210 companies, 70 (33%) did not report primary segment data under IAS 14R and hence claim to operate in one LOB. Twenty-three (11%) determine reportable segments based on geographic location. Most, 117, are managed and determine reportable segments based on LOB. As noted previously, IAS 14R states that a company’s internal organizational and management structure should normally be the basis for identifying the predominant nature of risks and rewards and hence for determining the primary reporting format. However, if a company’s risks and rewards are strongly affected by both LOB and geographic regions, as evidenced by a matrix approach to managing the company, then the enterprise should use LOB segments as its primary reporting format and geographic segments as its secondary reporting format (IASC, 1997, IAS 14R, paragraph 27(a)). In paragraph 29, the IASC further states that a “matrix presentation” (see note 2) whereby both LOB segments and geographical segments are presented as primary segment formats with full segment disclosures on each basis will often provide useful information if an enterprise’s risks and rewards are strongly affected both by differences in LOB and the geographic areas in which it operates. IAS 14R does not require, but does not prohibit, a “matrix” presentation. The management structure for Nestle, Kuoni, and Tarkett Sommer is apparently based on both LOB and geographic regions. Our analysis reveals that these companies reported mixed primary segments (see note 1), as opposed to utilizing the matrix presentation described in IAS 14R paragraph 29. Companies reporting mixed segments provide a combination of LOB and geographic segments as primary segments. For example, in 1998 and 1999 (early adoptor), Nestle presented primary segment data for four mixed segments: Food Europe; Food Americas; Food Africa/Asia/Oceania; and Other Activities. Utilizing the matrix presentation described in IAS 14R, Nestle would provide full primary segment data for two LOB (Food and Other) and full primary segment data for three geographic regions (Europe, Americas, and Africa/Asia/Oceania).
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