I. PRINCIPLES OF THE CHEMICAL OR PHYSICOCHEMICALOPERATIONS ......A. Saponification ......1. Influence of dispersion .....2. Influence of the temperature during emulsification3. Influence of the concentration of the soda lye4. Influence of the fatty acids and catalysts .B. Washingofsoap ......C. Fitting ........II. DESCRIPTION OF PLANT .....A. Saponification .......1. Homogenizer ......2. Reactor .......3. Crude soap vat ......B. Washing ........C. Fitting ........III. BALANCES AND CONTROLS ....A. Controls and starting of the plant after stoppage .B. Deglycerination yields-rate of washing . .C. Calculation of glycerol .....D. Calculation of salt ......E. Specimen balance ......IV. ADVANTAGES AND GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS .A. Space required and recirculation of the nigre . .B. Control . . . . . . . . .C. Flexibility . . . . . . . .D. Power consumption . . . . . .E. Charging . . . . . . . .F. Purityofsoap . . . . . . . .ff. Disadvantages . . . . . . . .REFERENCES . . . . . . . .31323233333436353737393939404042444445464647484849494949505060
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