The first black literature in Ameri

The first black literature in America was not written but was preserved in an oral tradition, in a rich body of folklore, songs and stories, many from African origins. There are humorous tales, Biblical stories, animal stories, and stories of natural phenomena, of good and bad people, and of the wise and foolish. Many reflect how African Americans viewed themselves and their lives. The lyrics of blues, spirituals, and work songs speak of suffering and hope, joy and pain, loved ones, and religious faith, and are an integral part of the early literature of black people in America.
The earliest existing written black literature was Lucy Terry’s poem “Bars Fight”, written in 1746. Other eighteenth-century black poets include Jupiter Hammon and George Moses Horton. The first African American to publish a book in American was Phillis Wheatley. Black poetry also flourished in the nineteenth-century, during which the writings of almost forty poets were printed, the most notable of whom was Paul Laurence Dunbar, the first black American to achieve national acclaim for his work. Dunbar published eight volumes of poetry and eight novels and collections of stories.
More than three dozen novels were written by blacks between 1853 and 1899, but autobiography dominated African-American literature in the nineteenth-century, as it had in the eighteenth. In the twentieth century, however, fiction has presided, with Charles W. Chestnutt, America’s first black man of letters, successfully bridging the two centuries. He began publishing short fiction in the mid-1880s, wrote two books that appeared in 1899, and had three books published between 1900 and 1905. He was a pioneer of the “new literature” of the early 1900s, which aimed to persuade readers of the worth and equality of African Americans.

Kết quả (Tiếng Indonesia) 1:

Literatur hitam pertama di Amerika tidak ditulis tapi itu diabadikan dalam tradisi lisan, dalam tubuh yang kaya dari cerita rakyat, lagu-lagu dan cerita, banyak dari asal-usul Afrika. Ada cerita-cerita lucu, cerita-cerita Alkitab, cerita hewan, dan cerita dari fenomena alam, orang-orang yang baik dan buruk, dan bijaksana dan bodoh. Banyak mencerminkan bagaimana Afrika Amerika melihat diri mereka sendiri dan kehidupan mereka. Lirik blues, spiritual, dan lagu-lagu karya berbicara tentang penderitaan dan harapan, kegembiraan dan rasa sakit, orang-orang terkasih dan iman agama, dan merupakan bagian integral dari literatur awal orang kulit hitam di Amerika. Literatur hitam terawal yang ada tertulis adalah Lucy Terry puisi "Bar melawan", yang ditulis pada tahun 1746. Penyair hitam abad kedelapan belas lain termasuk Jupiter Hammon dan George Moses Horton. African American pertama untuk menerbitkan sebuah buku di Amerika adalah Phillis Wheatley. Puisi hitam juga berkembang di abad kesembilan belas, yang selama tulisan-tulisan hampir empat puluh penyair dicetak, paling terkemuka ialah Paul Laurence Dunbar, orang Amerika hitam yang pertama untuk mencapai pengakuan nasional untuk karyanya. Dunbar menerbitkan 8 buku puisi dan delapan novel dan koleksi cerita. Lebih dari tiga lusin novel yang ditulis oleh orang kulit hitam antara tahun 1853 dan 1899, tetapi otobiografi didominasi sastra Afrika-Amerika di abad kesembilan belas, seperti itu di kedelapan belas. Pada abad kedua puluh, namun, fiksi telah memimpin, dengan Charles W. Chestnutt, America's hitam pertama manusia surat, berhasil menjembatani dua abad. Dia mulai menerbitkan fiksi pendek pada pertengahan-1880-an, menulis dua buku yang muncul pada tahun 1899, dan punya tiga buku yang diterbitkan antara tahun 1900 dan 1905. Dia adalah seorang pelopor "literatur baru" dari awal 1900-an, yang bertujuan untuk membujuk pembaca nilai dan kesetaraan Afrika Amerika.