2.2.4 Data collection procedures The data of the research was collected by means of questionnaires, interviews and classroom observations. Firstly, the research delivered the questionnaires to ....students . Secondly, after collecting the information from the questionnaires, started interviews with 3 students to get further information from students. Then, to make sure the validity of the data she observed some English lessons to find out the external factors affecting students’ participation. Based on the findings, a hypothesis was formulated about the techniques and activities to be treated with a view to increasing the student’s participation. Classroom observation during the treatment and post interviews were carried out to gather information about the effects of using applied techniques and students’ reaction towards listening activities. 2.2.5 Data analysis
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