The history of the area is traced to the early third millennium BC during the Hong Bang period. Hence, the province was part of the first Vietnamese state known as Xich Quy. The Vietnamese rulers of this period are now collectively known as the Hùng kings. Later, the capital was moved to Phong Châu, which is taken as evidence of the historicity of the province. There are many festivals in the province linked to this historical lineage.[3] Beginning in the third century BC during the Thuc dynasty, the Hùng Temple complex, located on Nghĩa Lĩnh mountain, was laid ground to dedicate to the Hùng kings who are credited with building the nation.
In December 1999, Nguyễn Thị Thủy, the leader of an unregistered Protestant house church in the province, was sentenced to one year in prison for "interfering with an officer doing his duty", which caused some religious controversy in the province.[4]
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