- Văn bản
- Lịch sử
Why Read Chapter Zero?This textbook
Why Read Chapter Zero?
This textbook evolved with the help of 20,000 students over 25 years. Chapter Zero appeared about ten years ago as an attempt to provide "how to study" advice at the start of the term, so students could get off to a good start. We often had a mock quiz [i.e. a quiz that did not count] on the first Friday of the semester, covering information from the course syllabus and Chapter Zero. This familiarized students with the quiz format and encouraged them to review course policies and take a look at Chapter Zero, which was not otherwise required. As you might predict, some students elected to skip Chapter Zero. Later, some of them were shocked by bad quiz grades and asked me for advice about how to study. At that point I referred them again to Chapter Zero.
An imaginary but typical conversation in my office:
Imaginary Student: "I can't believe my first quiz grades! This is awful! My parents will kill me!"
Dr. Dewey: "Did you ever have to 'really read' in high school? You know, slowly? Word by word? For comprehension?"
Imaginary Student: "To be honest, hardly ever. And I never got lower than a B in high school."
Dr. Dewey: "How did you study for our first few quizzes?"
Imaginary Student: "I highlighted all the answers, then I memorized them."
Dr. Dewey: "Ah...then I have something that could help you a lot. Remember at the beginning of the term when I talked about Chapter Zero?"
Imaginary Student: "Oh yeah...I was too busy to read it back then."
Dr. Dewey: "This is a fine time to go back and read it! It will help you get better grades and increase your satisfaction and ease of learning from the book. And it contains some good news, such as the fact that you really don't have to memorize, in order to learn the material in this book."
Imaginary Student: "But there are over 100 study question in a chapter! I counted them! It took a long time just to highlight all the answers."
Dr. Dewey: Actually, Chapter Zero specifically recommends against highlighting and memorizing. It recommends a different, more enjoyable way to study that is almost guaranteed to work, as long as you are a competent reader. But I realize the study questions can tempt students into a superficial and ineffective way of studying..."
That is true. I must confess that I inadvertantly created a "trap" for students who do not like to read. By providing lots of explicit study questions, I created a book that tempts certain students—about a third of them—into studying the wrong way. They try to memorize without understanding. They think the most efficient approach is to try to memorize minimal answers to the study questions while skimming through the rest of the material.
Usually these students do poorly on my exams, because I put vocabulary from the chapter into the wrong answers, and students who only skim tend to pick the wrong answers. They cannot tell the difference between a new concept being used correctly or incorrectly. They just go for the familiar vocabulary from the chapter. Consequently, they miss a lot of answers that are obvious to people who really understand the material. Therefore a lot of students tend to flunk the first few quizzes, even though they are trying hard to "memorize the answers."
What is the "good news"?
I composed Chapter Zero to deliver the good news. Students often learn better from this textbook if they do not try to memorize the answers to the study questions. No effort at memorization is necessary. A leisurely reading of the whole chapter, followed by a repetition or two if necessary, accomplishes all the memorization required, without any effort. This book rewards students who simply read well and enjoy learning.
The bad news is that some students do not know how to "simply read well and enjoy learning." If that sounds like an alien experience, Chapter Zero might help you. After you read Chapter Zero you will understand the right and wrong approaches to studying.
Imaginary Student: "I just skimmed those last few paragraphs, and I don't get it."
Dr. Dewey: "Exactly my point! There is something called close reading or "deep reading" that makes learning enjoyable and easy. Many students are reluctant to do it. They will not read a paragraph slowly, digest every word, and really think about the ideas. Sometimes close reading seems like a lost art in the modern world. You would be amazed at how many students get through high school without being required to "really read." Some of them arrive at college not really knowing how. Yet simple good reading is by far the easiest and most effective way to approach studying…if a book permits it. And this book is designed for it. That's why you should read Chapter Zero. Chapter Zero gives lots of hints and explicit instructions about how students can modify their study habits, get absorbed in reading, and get better grades."
Imaginary Student: "That was a long paragraph, too. But I saw something about getting better grades at the end, so maybe I will read Chapter Zero...[and in some cases the student will add]...because here we are halfway through the term and I'm not doing very well…"
Dr. Dewey: "Well, better late than never! I hope you find it to be useful.
This textbook evolved with the help of 20,000 students over 25 years. Chapter Zero appeared about ten years ago as an attempt to provide "how to study" advice at the start of the term, so students could get off to a good start. We often had a mock quiz [i.e. a quiz that did not count] on the first Friday of the semester, covering information from the course syllabus and Chapter Zero. This familiarized students with the quiz format and encouraged them to review course policies and take a look at Chapter Zero, which was not otherwise required. As you might predict, some students elected to skip Chapter Zero. Later, some of them were shocked by bad quiz grades and asked me for advice about how to study. At that point I referred them again to Chapter Zero.
An imaginary but typical conversation in my office:
Imaginary Student: "I can't believe my first quiz grades! This is awful! My parents will kill me!"
Dr. Dewey: "Did you ever have to 'really read' in high school? You know, slowly? Word by word? For comprehension?"
Imaginary Student: "To be honest, hardly ever. And I never got lower than a B in high school."
Dr. Dewey: "How did you study for our first few quizzes?"
Imaginary Student: "I highlighted all the answers, then I memorized them."
Dr. Dewey: "Ah...then I have something that could help you a lot. Remember at the beginning of the term when I talked about Chapter Zero?"
Imaginary Student: "Oh yeah...I was too busy to read it back then."
Dr. Dewey: "This is a fine time to go back and read it! It will help you get better grades and increase your satisfaction and ease of learning from the book. And it contains some good news, such as the fact that you really don't have to memorize, in order to learn the material in this book."
Imaginary Student: "But there are over 100 study question in a chapter! I counted them! It took a long time just to highlight all the answers."
Dr. Dewey: Actually, Chapter Zero specifically recommends against highlighting and memorizing. It recommends a different, more enjoyable way to study that is almost guaranteed to work, as long as you are a competent reader. But I realize the study questions can tempt students into a superficial and ineffective way of studying..."
That is true. I must confess that I inadvertantly created a "trap" for students who do not like to read. By providing lots of explicit study questions, I created a book that tempts certain students—about a third of them—into studying the wrong way. They try to memorize without understanding. They think the most efficient approach is to try to memorize minimal answers to the study questions while skimming through the rest of the material.
Usually these students do poorly on my exams, because I put vocabulary from the chapter into the wrong answers, and students who only skim tend to pick the wrong answers. They cannot tell the difference between a new concept being used correctly or incorrectly. They just go for the familiar vocabulary from the chapter. Consequently, they miss a lot of answers that are obvious to people who really understand the material. Therefore a lot of students tend to flunk the first few quizzes, even though they are trying hard to "memorize the answers."
What is the "good news"?
I composed Chapter Zero to deliver the good news. Students often learn better from this textbook if they do not try to memorize the answers to the study questions. No effort at memorization is necessary. A leisurely reading of the whole chapter, followed by a repetition or two if necessary, accomplishes all the memorization required, without any effort. This book rewards students who simply read well and enjoy learning.
The bad news is that some students do not know how to "simply read well and enjoy learning." If that sounds like an alien experience, Chapter Zero might help you. After you read Chapter Zero you will understand the right and wrong approaches to studying.
Imaginary Student: "I just skimmed those last few paragraphs, and I don't get it."
Dr. Dewey: "Exactly my point! There is something called close reading or "deep reading" that makes learning enjoyable and easy. Many students are reluctant to do it. They will not read a paragraph slowly, digest every word, and really think about the ideas. Sometimes close reading seems like a lost art in the modern world. You would be amazed at how many students get through high school without being required to "really read." Some of them arrive at college not really knowing how. Yet simple good reading is by far the easiest and most effective way to approach studying…if a book permits it. And this book is designed for it. That's why you should read Chapter Zero. Chapter Zero gives lots of hints and explicit instructions about how students can modify their study habits, get absorbed in reading, and get better grades."
Imaginary Student: "That was a long paragraph, too. But I saw something about getting better grades at the end, so maybe I will read Chapter Zero...[and in some cases the student will add]...because here we are halfway through the term and I'm not doing very well…"
Dr. Dewey: "Well, better late than never! I hope you find it to be useful.
0/5000
Tại sao đọc chương Zero?Sách giáo khoa này phát triển với sự giúp đỡ của 20.000 sinh viên hơn 25 năm. Chương Zero xuất hiện khoảng mười năm trước đây như một nỗ lực để cung cấp tư vấn "làm thế nào để học" ở đầu của thuật ngữ, do đó, sinh viên có thể nhận được đến một khởi đầu tốt. Thường chúng tôi đã có một bài kiểm tra giả [tức là một bài kiểm tra đã không tính] vào ngày thứ sáu đầu tiên của học kỳ, bao gồm các thông tin từ các giáo trình khóa học và chương Zero. Điều này làm quen sinh viên với định dạng bài kiểm tra và khuyến khích họ để xem lại chính sách khóa học và hãy xem chương Zero, mà đã không nếu không cần thiết. Như bạn có thể dự đoán, một số sinh viên bầu để bỏ qua chương Zero. Sau đó, một số người trong số họ đã bị sốc bởi các lớp xấu bài kiểm tra và hỏi tôi để được tư vấn về làm thế nào để nghiên cứu. Vào thời điểm đó tôi gọi họ một lần nữa về chương không.Một đoạn hội thoại tưởng tượng nhưng điển hình trong văn phòng của tôi:Tưởng tượng sinh viên: "tôi không thể tin rằng lớp bài kiểm tra đầu tiên của tôi! Đây là khủng khiếp! Cha mẹ tôi sẽ giết tôi!"Tiến sĩ Dewey: "bạn đã bao giờ đã phải 'thực sự đọc' ở trường trung học? Bạn biết, chậm? Word của word? Để hiểu?"Tưởng tượng sinh viên: "để được trung thực, hầu như không bao giờ. "Và tôi không bao giờ có thấp hơn một B ở trường trung học."Tiến sĩ Dewey: "làm thế nào đã làm bạn học đầu tiên của chúng tôi vài câu đố?"Tưởng tượng sinh viên: "tôi nêu bật tất cả các câu trả lời, sau đó tôi nhớ họ."Tiến sĩ Dewey: "Ah... sau đó tôi có một cái gì đó mà có thể giúp bạn rất nhiều. Nhớ lúc khởi đầu của thuật ngữ khi tôi nói chuyện về chương Zero?"Tưởng tượng sinh viên: "Oh yes...Tôi đã quá bận rộn để đọc nó trở lại sau đó."Tiến sĩ Dewey: "đây là thời điểm tốt để trở lại và đọc nó! Nó sẽ giúp bạn có được điểm tốt hơn và tăng sự hài lòng và thoải mái học tập từ cuốn sách của bạn. "Và nó có một số tin tức tốt, chẳng hạn như một thực tế là bạn thực sự không cần phải ghi nhớ, để tìm hiểu các vật liệu trong cuốn sách này."Tưởng tượng sinh viên: "nhưng có là nghiên cứu hơn 100 câu hỏi trong một chương! Tôi tính chúng! Phải mất một thời gian dài chỉ để làm nổi bật tất cả các câu trả lời."Tiến sĩ Dewey: Trên thực tế, chương Zero đặc biệt khuyến cáo chống lại làm nổi bật và ghi nhớ. Nó khuyến cáo một khác nhau, thú vị hơn cách để nghiên cứu đó gần như là bảo đảm để làm việc, miễn là bạn là một người đọc có thẩm quyền. Nhưng tôi nhận ra những câu hỏi nghiên cứu có thể cám dỗ học sinh vào một cách bề ngoài và không hiệu quả của việc học tập..."Đó là sự thật. Tôi phải thú nhận rằng tôi inadvertantly tạo một cái bẫy"" cho những sinh viên không muốn đọc. Bằng cách cung cấp rất nhiều câu hỏi nghiên cứu rõ ràng, tôi tạo ra một cuốn sách đó tempts một số sinh viên-khoảng một phần ba số — vào học tập cách sai. Họ cố gắng để ghi nhớ mà không có sự hiểu biết. Họ nghĩ rằng các phương pháp hiệu quả nhất là để cố gắng ghi nhớ tối thiểu câu trả lời cho những câu hỏi nghiên cứu trong khi lướt qua phần còn lại của vật liệu.Thông thường những học sinh làm kém trên kỳ thi của tôi, bởi vì tôi đặt từ vựng từ chương vào các câu trả lời sai, và sinh viên chỉ lướt có xu hướng để chọn câu trả lời sai. Họ không thể nói cho sự khác biệt giữa một khái niệm mới được sử dụng một cách chính xác hoặc không chính xác. Họ chỉ cần đi cho các từ vựng quen thuộc từ chương. Do đó, họ bỏ lỡ rất nhiều câu trả lời rõ ràng cho những người thực sự hiểu các tài liệu. Do đó rất nhiều sinh viên có xu hướng để flunk đầu tiên vài câu đố, mặc dù họ đang cố gắng chăm chỉ để "ghi nhớ các câu trả lời.""Good news" là gì?Tôi bao gồm chương Zero để cung cấp những tin tức tốt. Học sinh thường tìm hiểu tốt hơn từ sách giáo khoa này nếu họ không nên cố gắng ghi nhớ câu trả lời cho những câu hỏi nghiên cứu. Không có nỗ lực ghi nhớ là cần thiết. Một đọc thư giãn của toàn bộ chương, theo sau bởi một sự lặp lại hoặc hai nếu cần thiết, hoàn thành tất cả ghi nhớ yêu cầu, mà không có bất kỳ nỗ lực. Cuốn sách này phần thưởng sinh viên chỉ đơn giản là đọc tốt và thưởng thức học tập.Tin xấu là một số học sinh không biết làm thế nào để "chỉ đơn giản là đọc tốt và thưởng thức học tập." Nếu có âm thanh như một kinh nghiệm người nước ngoài, chương Zero có thể giúp bạn. Sau khi bạn đọc chương Zero, bạn sẽ hiểu các phương pháp tiếp cận đúng và sai để nghiên cứu.Tưởng tượng sinh viên: "tôi chỉ sưa những đoạn văn vài cuối, và tôi không nhận được nó."Dr. Dewey: "Exactly my point! There is something called close reading or "deep reading" that makes learning enjoyable and easy. Many students are reluctant to do it. They will not read a paragraph slowly, digest every word, and really think about the ideas. Sometimes close reading seems like a lost art in the modern world. You would be amazed at how many students get through high school without being required to "really read." Some of them arrive at college not really knowing how. Yet simple good reading is by far the easiest and most effective way to approach studying…if a book permits it. And this book is designed for it. That's why you should read Chapter Zero. Chapter Zero gives lots of hints and explicit instructions about how students can modify their study habits, get absorbed in reading, and get better grades."Imaginary Student: "That was a long paragraph, too. But I saw something about getting better grades at the end, so maybe I will read Chapter Zero...[and in some cases the student will add]...because here we are halfway through the term and I'm not doing very well…"Dr. Dewey: "Well, better late than never! I hope you find it to be useful.
đang được dịch, vui lòng đợi..
Why Read Chapter Zero?
This textbook evolved with the help of 20,000 students over 25 years. Chapter Zero appeared about ten years ago as an attempt to provide "how to study" advice at the start of the term, so students could get off to a good start. We often had a mock quiz [i.e. a quiz that did not count] on the first Friday of the semester, covering information from the course syllabus and Chapter Zero. This familiarized students with the quiz format and encouraged them to review course policies and take a look at Chapter Zero, which was not otherwise required. As you might predict, some students elected to skip Chapter Zero. Later, some of them were shocked by bad quiz grades and asked me for advice about how to study. At that point I referred them again to Chapter Zero.
An imaginary but typical conversation in my office:
Imaginary Student: "I can't believe my first quiz grades! This is awful! My parents will kill me!"
Dr. Dewey: "Did you ever have to 'really read' in high school? You know, slowly? Word by word? For comprehension?"
Imaginary Student: "To be honest, hardly ever. And I never got lower than a B in high school."
Dr. Dewey: "How did you study for our first few quizzes?"
Imaginary Student: "I highlighted all the answers, then I memorized them."
Dr. Dewey: "Ah...then I have something that could help you a lot. Remember at the beginning of the term when I talked about Chapter Zero?"
Imaginary Student: "Oh yeah...I was too busy to read it back then."
Dr. Dewey: "This is a fine time to go back and read it! It will help you get better grades and increase your satisfaction and ease of learning from the book. And it contains some good news, such as the fact that you really don't have to memorize, in order to learn the material in this book."
Imaginary Student: "But there are over 100 study question in a chapter! I counted them! It took a long time just to highlight all the answers."
Dr. Dewey: Actually, Chapter Zero specifically recommends against highlighting and memorizing. It recommends a different, more enjoyable way to study that is almost guaranteed to work, as long as you are a competent reader. But I realize the study questions can tempt students into a superficial and ineffective way of studying..."
That is true. I must confess that I inadvertantly created a "trap" for students who do not like to read. By providing lots of explicit study questions, I created a book that tempts certain students—about a third of them—into studying the wrong way. They try to memorize without understanding. They think the most efficient approach is to try to memorize minimal answers to the study questions while skimming through the rest of the material.
Usually these students do poorly on my exams, because I put vocabulary from the chapter into the wrong answers, and students who only skim tend to pick the wrong answers. They cannot tell the difference between a new concept being used correctly or incorrectly. They just go for the familiar vocabulary from the chapter. Consequently, they miss a lot of answers that are obvious to people who really understand the material. Therefore a lot of students tend to flunk the first few quizzes, even though they are trying hard to "memorize the answers."
What is the "good news"?
I composed Chapter Zero to deliver the good news. Students often learn better from this textbook if they do not try to memorize the answers to the study questions. No effort at memorization is necessary. A leisurely reading of the whole chapter, followed by a repetition or two if necessary, accomplishes all the memorization required, without any effort. This book rewards students who simply read well and enjoy learning.
The bad news is that some students do not know how to "simply read well and enjoy learning." If that sounds like an alien experience, Chapter Zero might help you. After you read Chapter Zero you will understand the right and wrong approaches to studying.
Imaginary Student: "I just skimmed those last few paragraphs, and I don't get it."
Dr. Dewey: "Exactly my point! There is something called close reading or "deep reading" that makes learning enjoyable and easy. Many students are reluctant to do it. They will not read a paragraph slowly, digest every word, and really think about the ideas. Sometimes close reading seems like a lost art in the modern world. You would be amazed at how many students get through high school without being required to "really read." Some of them arrive at college not really knowing how. Yet simple good reading is by far the easiest and most effective way to approach studying…if a book permits it. And this book is designed for it. That's why you should read Chapter Zero. Chapter Zero gives lots of hints and explicit instructions about how students can modify their study habits, get absorbed in reading, and get better grades."
Imaginary Student: "That was a long paragraph, too. But I saw something about getting better grades at the end, so maybe I will read Chapter Zero...[and in some cases the student will add]...because here we are halfway through the term and I'm not doing very well…"
Dr. Dewey: "Well, better late than never! I hope you find it to be useful.
This textbook evolved with the help of 20,000 students over 25 years. Chapter Zero appeared about ten years ago as an attempt to provide "how to study" advice at the start of the term, so students could get off to a good start. We often had a mock quiz [i.e. a quiz that did not count] on the first Friday of the semester, covering information from the course syllabus and Chapter Zero. This familiarized students with the quiz format and encouraged them to review course policies and take a look at Chapter Zero, which was not otherwise required. As you might predict, some students elected to skip Chapter Zero. Later, some of them were shocked by bad quiz grades and asked me for advice about how to study. At that point I referred them again to Chapter Zero.
An imaginary but typical conversation in my office:
Imaginary Student: "I can't believe my first quiz grades! This is awful! My parents will kill me!"
Dr. Dewey: "Did you ever have to 'really read' in high school? You know, slowly? Word by word? For comprehension?"
Imaginary Student: "To be honest, hardly ever. And I never got lower than a B in high school."
Dr. Dewey: "How did you study for our first few quizzes?"
Imaginary Student: "I highlighted all the answers, then I memorized them."
Dr. Dewey: "Ah...then I have something that could help you a lot. Remember at the beginning of the term when I talked about Chapter Zero?"
Imaginary Student: "Oh yeah...I was too busy to read it back then."
Dr. Dewey: "This is a fine time to go back and read it! It will help you get better grades and increase your satisfaction and ease of learning from the book. And it contains some good news, such as the fact that you really don't have to memorize, in order to learn the material in this book."
Imaginary Student: "But there are over 100 study question in a chapter! I counted them! It took a long time just to highlight all the answers."
Dr. Dewey: Actually, Chapter Zero specifically recommends against highlighting and memorizing. It recommends a different, more enjoyable way to study that is almost guaranteed to work, as long as you are a competent reader. But I realize the study questions can tempt students into a superficial and ineffective way of studying..."
That is true. I must confess that I inadvertantly created a "trap" for students who do not like to read. By providing lots of explicit study questions, I created a book that tempts certain students—about a third of them—into studying the wrong way. They try to memorize without understanding. They think the most efficient approach is to try to memorize minimal answers to the study questions while skimming through the rest of the material.
Usually these students do poorly on my exams, because I put vocabulary from the chapter into the wrong answers, and students who only skim tend to pick the wrong answers. They cannot tell the difference between a new concept being used correctly or incorrectly. They just go for the familiar vocabulary from the chapter. Consequently, they miss a lot of answers that are obvious to people who really understand the material. Therefore a lot of students tend to flunk the first few quizzes, even though they are trying hard to "memorize the answers."
What is the "good news"?
I composed Chapter Zero to deliver the good news. Students often learn better from this textbook if they do not try to memorize the answers to the study questions. No effort at memorization is necessary. A leisurely reading of the whole chapter, followed by a repetition or two if necessary, accomplishes all the memorization required, without any effort. This book rewards students who simply read well and enjoy learning.
The bad news is that some students do not know how to "simply read well and enjoy learning." If that sounds like an alien experience, Chapter Zero might help you. After you read Chapter Zero you will understand the right and wrong approaches to studying.
Imaginary Student: "I just skimmed those last few paragraphs, and I don't get it."
Dr. Dewey: "Exactly my point! There is something called close reading or "deep reading" that makes learning enjoyable and easy. Many students are reluctant to do it. They will not read a paragraph slowly, digest every word, and really think about the ideas. Sometimes close reading seems like a lost art in the modern world. You would be amazed at how many students get through high school without being required to "really read." Some of them arrive at college not really knowing how. Yet simple good reading is by far the easiest and most effective way to approach studying…if a book permits it. And this book is designed for it. That's why you should read Chapter Zero. Chapter Zero gives lots of hints and explicit instructions about how students can modify their study habits, get absorbed in reading, and get better grades."
Imaginary Student: "That was a long paragraph, too. But I saw something about getting better grades at the end, so maybe I will read Chapter Zero...[and in some cases the student will add]...because here we are halfway through the term and I'm not doing very well…"
Dr. Dewey: "Well, better late than never! I hope you find it to be useful.
đang được dịch, vui lòng đợi..
Các ngôn ngữ khác
Hỗ trợ công cụ dịch thuật: Albania, Amharic, Anh, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Ba Lan, Ba Tư, Bantu, Basque, Belarus, Bengal, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Bồ Đào Nha, Catalan, Cebuano, Chichewa, Corsi, Creole (Haiti), Croatia, Do Thái, Estonia, Filipino, Frisia, Gael Scotland, Galicia, George, Gujarat, Hausa, Hawaii, Hindi, Hmong, Hungary, Hy Lạp, Hà Lan, Hà Lan (Nam Phi), Hàn, Iceland, Igbo, Ireland, Java, Kannada, Kazakh, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Klingon, Kurd, Kyrgyz, Latinh, Latvia, Litva, Luxembourg, Lào, Macedonia, Malagasy, Malayalam, Malta, Maori, Marathi, Myanmar, Mã Lai, Mông Cổ, Na Uy, Nepal, Nga, Nhật, Odia (Oriya), Pashto, Pháp, Phát hiện ngôn ngữ, Phần Lan, Punjab, Quốc tế ngữ, Rumani, Samoa, Serbia, Sesotho, Shona, Sindhi, Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenia, Somali, Sunda, Swahili, Séc, Tajik, Tamil, Tatar, Telugu, Thái, Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ, Thụy Điển, Tiếng Indonesia, Tiếng Ý, Trung, Trung (Phồn thể), Turkmen, Tây Ban Nha, Ukraina, Urdu, Uyghur, Uzbek, Việt, Xứ Wales, Yiddish, Yoruba, Zulu, Đan Mạch, Đức, Ả Rập, dịch ngôn ngữ.
- he understood at the least
- thước đo chiều cao
- corporate services
- Sau 3 năm, tôi mong đạt được có mức thu
- où ce jeune a-t-il habité à Saint-Tropez
- services corporatifs
- jungle war
- nó làm tăng tội phạm kinh tế
- adjectives
- he understood at the finish
- bạn nói tiếng anh thật lưu loát
- an electric potential
- Well, I wasn’t worried when my son bough
- never look down on anybody unless
- he understood at the finish
- chúng ta đừng quá phụ thuộc
- how often does it rain in there
- trường đại học ngân hàng
- boots post
- Tôi có một người Anh em và cha mẹ.
- đơn giản chỉ là như thế
- inspire
- What was that?
- inspire
