Dietary fibreFibrous material is the edible part of plants which is resistant to the hydrolysis by enzymes in the digestive tract. A part of it is metabolised into volatile fatty acids in the gastrointestinal tract. Fol¬lowing its water solubility, fibrous material can be divided into two categories. Each category insures different therapeutic effects. Water-soluble fibre predominantly consists of non-starch polysac¬charides, mainly p-glucans and arabinoxylan. It produces a viscous solution. Soluble fibre inhibits passing of the chyme through the intestines, hampers the stomach discharge, reduces the absorption of glucose and sterols in the intestines, and decreases serum cholesterol, blood glucose, and the content of insulin in the human body. The water-insoluble fibre contains lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and non-starch polysaccharides such as the water-ex¬tractable arabinoxylan. It is not fermented in the large intestine (AACC 2001; ANDLAUER & FURST 2002; CHARALAMPOPOULOS et al. 2002).Cereal grains have different fibre contents. In ce¬real grain, a majority of fibre is found (at a decreasing rate) from the outer coat to the endosperm. This does not apply to arabinoxylan, which is a principal component of the endosperm cell wall. The methods of the fibre isolation and purification as well as the techniques implying quantitative and structural analyses have been developed to isolate the fibre from the common cereal fractions obtained in the grinding process. The elaborated procedure of the cereals processing (grinding) makes it possible to obtain products from the particular structural grain layer (BRESSANI 2003; LAMBO et al. 2005).It is however necessary to mention also some negative aspects of food fibre in human nutrition. The exploitation of the outer part of the grain also brings about certain risks of contamination with heavy metals, radioactive elements, and residua of pesticides used either in the period of vegeta¬tion or during the processing and warehousing. Proportionally to the increase of the fibre content in the cereal products, a growing proportion of phytic acid is observed. This acid together with
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