Rachel Louise Carson received her d

Rachel Louise Carson received her degrees in marine biology from the Pennsylvania College for Women and in zoology from the Johns Hopkins University. Her true calling turned out to be much broader in range than the academic study of wildlife, however. As Carson's career as a scientific writer progressed, she became interested in the effects of artificial chemicals on the natural environment. Through her published research, she was the first to direct public attention to the environmental damage caused by the indiscriminate use of pesticides in agriculture. She is thus regarded as the public figure who launched the environmentalist movement.

Upon enrolling in college, Carson had initially intended to major in English and become a journalist or novelist. Her attentiveness to presentation allowed her to convey even rather dry facts in an evocative prose style that held the attention of the general reader. Wedded to her extensive academic training in biology, Carson's talent for expressive writing positioned her ideally to bring scientific findings about ecology to a mass audience. She published a famous trilogy about the delicate and complex ecology of the sea, beginning with Under the Sea-Wind. That first volume took a large-scale approach, describing the living systems of the ocean in everyday, easily understood terms. Under the Sea-Wind was only a moderate commercial success, but it, along with Carson's writings for the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, set the stage for her second volume, published ten years after the first. The Sea Around Us made Rachel Carson a household name. It became not only a bestseller but also a National Book Award winner. In it, Carson examined more explicitly than before the effects of human action on the creatures of the ocean. The last book in the trilogy was The Edge of the Sea, in which Carson trained her writerly and scientific gaze on the shoreline of the East Coast to examine the endangered organisms that populated it.

>These books established Carson as a public figure who advocated respect for the environment, but the work that would be her most lasting legacy was yet to come. She began to examine data on the effects of agricultural pesticides, spurred in part by a letter from two friends who owned a farm in Massachusetts and expressed concern that sprayed pesticides were causing harm to local wildlife. Carson's research convinced her that high exposure to pesticides such as DDT threatened not only beneficial insects and birds but also people. She put her conclusions in a landmark fourth scientific volume, Silent Spring. In the famous image that gave the book its title, Carson hypothesized about an ecosystem in which the calling of birds had been silenced by poison in soil and groundwater.

Carson alleged that the regulations governing use of these chemicals were inadequate, though her positions were not as extreme as they are sometimes now characterized. She did not support the outright banning of pesticides. Rather, she objected to "indiscriminate" use, which is to say, use without any thought for caution and moderation. Eventually, Carson's views were taken seriously at the highest levels of government. President John F. Kennedy's Science Advisory Committee solicited her advice on how to improve rules about pesticide use. She also testified before Congress. Through her influence, she assisted in bringing about far stricter controls on toxic chemicals such as DDT, which deteriorates slowly and thus remains in soil and groundwater for very long periods of time.

Although Carson's fame meant that she was in demand as a public speaker, she much preferred the solitude of research and writing. She employed assistants but frequently did even tedious archival research herself to avoid wasting time reviewing material with which she was already familiar. The same concern with clarity and elimination of waste characterized her writing itself. Though Carson died in 1964, two years after the publication of Silent Spring, that book is still frequently cited in environmental policy recommendations by analysts and regulators. Her best-selling work, it also remains a staple of high school and college science classes. Indeed, more than one major publication has deemed Carson one of the most influential figures of the twentieth century.

Kết quả (Việt) 1:

Rachel Louise Carson đã nhận được văn bằng của mình trong các sinh vật biển từ Đại học Pennsylvania cho phụ nữ và động vật học từ Đại học Johns Hopkins. Cô gọi điện thoại thực sự bật ra rộng hơn nhiều trong phạm vi hơn nghiên cứu học tập của động vật hoang dã, Tuy nhiên. Như là sự nghiệp của Carson tiến triển của một nhà văn khoa học, cô đã trở thành quan tâm đến những ảnh hưởng của hóa chất nhân tạo môi trường tự nhiên. Thông qua nghiên cứu được công bố của mình, cô là người đầu tiên để trực tiếp công chúng chú ý đến những thiệt hại môi trường gây ra bởi việc sử dụng bừa bãi của thuốc trừ sâu trong nông nghiệp. Cô do đó được coi là con số công chúng những người đưa ra sự chuyển động môi trường.Sau khi đăng ký vào trường cao đẳng, Carson có dự định ban đầu để lớn bằng tiếng Anh và trở thành một nhà báo hoặc tiểu thuyết gia người. Sự chú tâm của mình để trình bày cho phép của mình để truyền đạt thậm chí khá khô dữ kiện trong một phong cách gợi nhiều liên tưởng văn xuôi tổ chức sự chú ý của người đọc chung. Wedded đến của cô đào tạo học tập rộng rãi trong sinh học, Carson của tài năng để thể hiện văn bản vị trí cô lý tưởng để mang lại các kết quả khoa học về sinh thái đến một khán giả đại chúng. Emily xuất bản một bộ ba nổi tiếng về các hệ sinh thái tinh tế và phức tạp của biển, bắt đầu từ dưới biển-gió. Tập đầu tiên đã có một tiếp cận quy mô lớn, mô tả các hệ thống sống của đại dương trong hàng ngày, dễ hiểu điều khoản. Theo gió biển là chỉ một thành công thương mại vừa phải, nhưng nó, cùng với tác phẩm của Carson cho cá Mỹ và dịch vụ động vật hoang dã, thiết lập giai đoạn cho tập thứ hai của cô, được xuất bản mười năm sau khi lần đầu tiên. Các biển xung quanh chúng ta làm cho Rachel Carson một tên hộ gia đình. Nó đã trở thành không chỉ là một bestseller nhưng cũng là một người chiến thắng giải thưởng sách quốc gia. Trong đó, Carson kiểm tra rõ ràng hơn hết những ảnh hưởng của các hành động của con người về sinh vật biển. Cuốn sách cuối cùng trong bộ ba là The Edge của biển, trong đó Carson đào tạo của mình chiêm ngưỡng writerly và khoa học trên bờ biển của bờ biển phía đông để kiểm tra các sinh vật nguy cơ tuyệt chủng dân cư nó.>These books established Carson as a public figure who advocated respect for the environment, but the work that would be her most lasting legacy was yet to come. She began to examine data on the effects of agricultural pesticides, spurred in part by a letter from two friends who owned a farm in Massachusetts and expressed concern that sprayed pesticides were causing harm to local wildlife. Carson's research convinced her that high exposure to pesticides such as DDT threatened not only beneficial insects and birds but also people. She put her conclusions in a landmark fourth scientific volume, Silent Spring. In the famous image that gave the book its title, Carson hypothesized about an ecosystem in which the calling of birds had been silenced by poison in soil and groundwater.Carson alleged that the regulations governing use of these chemicals were inadequate, though her positions were not as extreme as they are sometimes now characterized. She did not support the outright banning of pesticides. Rather, she objected to "indiscriminate" use, which is to say, use without any thought for caution and moderation. Eventually, Carson's views were taken seriously at the highest levels of government. President John F. Kennedy's Science Advisory Committee solicited her advice on how to improve rules about pesticide use. She also testified before Congress. Through her influence, she assisted in bringing about far stricter controls on toxic chemicals such as DDT, which deteriorates slowly and thus remains in soil and groundwater for very long periods of time.
Although Carson's fame meant that she was in demand as a public speaker, she much preferred the solitude of research and writing. She employed assistants but frequently did even tedious archival research herself to avoid wasting time reviewing material with which she was already familiar. The same concern with clarity and elimination of waste characterized her writing itself. Though Carson died in 1964, two years after the publication of Silent Spring, that book is still frequently cited in environmental policy recommendations by analysts and regulators. Her best-selling work, it also remains a staple of high school and college science classes. Indeed, more than one major publication has deemed Carson one of the most influential figures of the twentieth century.