The business environment in the world has become volatile and unpredictable as a result of economic globalization, market maturity, increasing customer demands, rapid technological change and fierce competition (Kamyabi & Devi, 2011a). Therefore, business management has become more challenging and complicated (Lamminmaki, 2007; Espino-Rodríguez & Padrón-Robaina, 2004). In a such business environment Small and Medium size Enterprises (SMEs) are vulnerable and face significant challenges as a consequence of internal resource constraints (Kamyabi & Devi, 2011c). To overcome such difficulties, the practitioner recommended that SMEs outsource their tasks by shifting what they traditionally managed internally (Lamminmaki, 2008; Kotabe & Mol, 2009) and in particular, their accounting functions (Kamyabi & Devi, 2011b). Hence, the outsourcing of accounting activities is an opportunity for SMEs to stay competitive in the competitive business environment (Jayabalan et al., 2009; Everaert et al., 2010). SMEs generally lack the required resources, skills and expertise to execute accounting practices internally (Kamyabi & Devi, 2011a), the realization of access to knowledge and skills of the external accountant was the main rationale to consider outsourcing choice (Everaert et al., 2007). External accountants are in a unique position to advise the management of SMEs, to achieve business objectives in the long term and improve sustainability (Martin, 2005; Ismail and King, 2005; Samujh and Devi, 2010).
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