revalence of deficiency Risk factors Health consequences Iron There are an estimated 2 billion cases Low intakes of meat/fish/poultry Reduced cognitive performanceof anaemia worldwide and high intakes of cereals and Lower work performance and enduranceIn developing countries, anaemia legumes Impaired iodine and vitamin A metabolismprevalence rates are estimated to be Preterm delivery or low birth Anaemiaabout 50% in pregnant women and weight Increased risk of maternal mortality and childinfants under 2 years, 40% in Pregnancy and adolescence mortality (with more severe anaemia)school-aged children and 25–55% in (periods during whichother women and children requirements for iron areIron deficiency is estimated to be especially high)responsible for around 50% of all Heavy menstrual lossesanaemia cases Parasite infections (i.e.There are approximately 1 billion cases hookworm, schistosomiasis,of iron-deficiency anaemia and a ascaris) which cause heavyfurther 1 billion cases of iron blood lossesdeficiency without anaemia worldwide Malaria (causes anaemia not irondeficiency)Low intakes of vitamin C(ascorbic acid)Allergy to cow’s milk.
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