5.1.5.1 Wheat flourThe nutritional usefulness of iron fortification of wheat flour has recently beenonfirmed in an efficacy study in Thailand (242). In that study the relative efficacy of electrolytic iron as compared to ferrous sulfate was about 70% inwomen consuming fortified wheat flour cookies, compared to 50% for Hreduced iron. Based on this evidence, adding double the amount of electrolyticiron or H-reduced iron as compared to ferrous sulfate, should give an equivalent efficacy to ferrous sulfate.Ferrous sulfate and elemental iron powders have traditionally been used tofortify wheat and other cereal flours. Electrolytic iron remains the preferred elemental iron fortificant, however H-reduced iron could also be considered. Inaddition, recent evidence from rat studies suggests that carbonyl iron may be asgood as electrolytic iron as a fortificant, however human efficacy studies are stillnecessary to confirm this.
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