To understand reinvestment risk, suppose that Irving the investor has a holding period of two years and decides to purchase a $1,000 one-year bond at face value and then purchase another one at the end of the first year. If the initial interest rate is 10%, Irving will have $1,100 at the end of the year. If the interest rate on one-year bonds rises to 20% at the end of the year, as in Table 3.2, Irving will find that buying$1,100 worth of another one-year bond will leave him at the end of the second year with $1,100 × 11 + 0.20 2 = $1,320. Thus, Irving’s two-year return will be ($1,320 — $1,000 2> $1,000 = 0.32 = 32%, which equals 14.9% at an annual rate. In this case, Irving has earned more by buying the one-year bonds than if he had initially purchased the two-year bond with an interest rate of 10%. Thus, when Irving has a holding period that is longer than the term to maturity of the bonds he purchases, he benefits from a rise in interest rates. Conversely, if interest rates on one-year bonds fall to 5% at the end of the year, Irving will have only $1,155 at the end of two years: $1,100 × 11 + 0.05 2 . Thus, his two-year return will be 1$1,155 — $1,000 2> $1,000 = 0.155 = 15.5%, which is 7.2% at an annual rate. With a holding periodgreater than the term to maturity of the bond, Irving now loses from a fall in interest rates.
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