Provinces of the MindFor nearly 2 decades, Freud’s only model of the mind was the topographic one wehave just outlined, and his only portrayal of psychic strife was the conflict betweenconscious and unconscious forces. Then, during the 1920s, Freud (1923/1961a) introduced a three-part structural model. This division of the mind into three provincesdid not supplant the topographic model, but it helped Freud explain mental imagesaccording to their functions or purposes.To Freud, the most primitive part of the mind was das Es, or the “it,” which isalmost always translated into English as id; a second division was das Ich, or the “I,”translated as ego; and a final province was das Uber-Ich, or the “over-I,” which isrendered into English as superego. These provinces or regions have no territorial existence, of course, but are merely hypothetical constructs. They interact with thethree levels of mental life so that the ego cuts across the various topographic levelsand has conscious, preconscious, and unconscious components, whereas the superego is both preconscious and unconscious and the id is completely unconscious. Figure 2.2 shows the relationship between the provinces of the mind and the levels ofmental life.
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