CONTENTSPreface1 INTRODUCTION .....

CONTENTS
Preface
1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1
1 THE PHENOMENON OF NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS................................................ 1
1.2 PLAN FOR THE STUDY.............................................................................................................. 2
2 THE CONCEPT OF NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS.............. 6
2.1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: THE PARIS PRINCIPLES ................. 6
3.2 THE NORMATIVE STATUS OF THE PARIS PRINCIPLES ................................................................. 9
3.3 THE PARIS PRINCIPLES IN THE NATIONAL CONTEXT................................................................. 14
3.4 BASIC TYPES OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ............................................................................... 16
3 NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ON THE INTERNATIONAL AGENDA.............. 30
3.1 INTRODUCING THE IDEA........................................................................................................... 30
3.1.1 National Institutions as “International Support Bodies”............................................ 30
3.1.2 Advisory Committees for Governments........................................................................ 34
3.2 DEVELOPING THE IDEA...................................................................................................... 39
3.2.1 National Human Rights Committees and Treaty Monitoring ...................................... 39
3.2.2 National Institutions and Complaints Handling .......................................................... 41
3.2.3 The First International Guidelines for National Institutions ...................................... 43
3.3 THE POPULARISATION OF THE CONCEPT................................................................................... 47
3.3.1 Exchange of Information on National Institutions ...................................................... 47
3.3.2 National Institutions and Technical Assistance ........................................................... 51
3.3.3 Developments beyond the United Nations................................................................... 55
3.4 THE DIFFUSION OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS............................................................................ 58
3.4.1 International Standards for National Institutions: The “Paris Principles”................ 58
3.4.2 International Commitment to “Paris Principles Institutions” .................................... 60
3.4.3 The First United Nations Programme of Action for National Institutions.................. 65
3.4.4 The Proactive Phase of the United Nations Programme............................................. 67
3.4.5 The United Nations National Institutions Approach.................................................... 72
3.4.6 Developments in the Field of National Institutions ..................................................... 74
3.4.7 National Institutions in Other International Fora....................................................... 77
4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................... 118
4.1 SPECIFICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS .................................................. 119
4.2 THE CHANGING ATTITUDES OF GOVERNMENTS ........................................................................ 121
4.3 THE EXPANDING ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS ..................................................................... 12