Speakers and listeners abide by the so-called ‘cooperative principle’(Crystal, 2010). The speaker, on the one hand, tries to make him/herself understood and to convey his/her message.The listener, on the other hand, tries to understand what the speaker is communicating in order to react and reply appropriately to the speaker. The listener is on a quest for meaning and puts an effort into finding the meaning (Peeters, 2009)Problems can arise when speaker, or sender, and listener, or receiver, misunderstand each other, and hurdles in communication are not overcome. The sender does not convey his/her message in a clear way, or the listener credits the speaker with a meaning that was not intended. While misunderstandings can occur within one culture, too, cross-cultural misunderstandings can be of greater importance in international business. A language barrier may interfere with the verbal interaction either on the speaker’s, or sender’s, side or on the listener’s, or receiver’s, side.Language is a reflection of different experiences in different cultural environments and reveals something about the way speakers of that language think (Boroditsky, 2001). In other words, seeing English as a cultureless means of communication is not correct. The use of English brings with it a certain worldview
đang được dịch, vui lòng đợi..