Figure 1. Kolb’s two-dimensional learning model and four learning styles
and reflection upon experiences. These observations are assimilated into concepts and generalisations about experiences which, in turn, guide new experiences and interactions with the world.
This model, as shown in Figure 2, reflects two independent perceiving and
processing dimensions: the concrete experience-abstract conceptualisation perceiving dimension and the active experimentation-reflective observation processing dimension. As seen in Figure 2, these two dimensions form four
quadrants reflecting four learning styles: accommodator, diverger, assimilator,
and converger. Kolb (1985) describes accommodators as people who learn
primarily from hands-on experience and “gut feelings” rather than from logical
analysis; divergers are best at viewing concrete situations from many different
points of view; assimilators are best at understanding a wide range of information and putting information into a concise and logical form; while convergers are best at finding practical uses for ideas and theories. The effective learner
is one who can use each of the four styles effectively in different learning
situations rather than relying upon their preferred style.
As seen in Figure 2, four learning types are associated with the extremes of
the two dimensions. The “feeling” type is associated with the concrete experience end of the perceiving dimension while the “thinking” type is associated
with the abstract conceptualisation end of the perceiving dimension. The
“doing” type is associated with the active experimentation end of the processing dimension while the “watching” type is associated with the reflective
observation end of the dimension.
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