• Field erection/welding issues (M4

• Field erection/welding issues (M4)

• Weld quality control issues(M3)

• Weld details for fatigue (Appendix3)

• Welding issues associated with existing structures (Ap- pendix 5)
Inaddition,andimportantly,J2oftheAISCSpecification invokes all the provisions of AWS D1.1, except as noted in the AISCSpecification.

AWS D1.1 Structural WeldingCode—Steel
The AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code—Steel, herein re- ferred to as AWS D1.1, is a comprehensive welding code governing the design of connections, including connection details, welding procedures, acceptable base metals, filler metals and welding joint details, fabrication and erection requirements, welder qualification requirements, stud weld- ing provisions, inspection requirements, and provisions for welding on existing structures. Also contained in this standard are requirements for non-welding metal working operations, such as thermal cutting, and heat curving. AWS D1.1 is intended to govern projects involving steel of in. thickorthicker,withaminimumspecifiedyieldstrengthnot greater than 100 ksi. The base metal types include carbon and low-alloysteels.

Major sections of AWS D1.1 include the following:
• Section1—GeneralRequirementscoversthescopeofthe code,limitationsonitsuse,keydefinitions,andanoutline of the responsibilities of the major parties involved with welding steel structures.

• Section 2—Design of Welded Connections is divided into four parts. Part A deals with provisions common to all structuresgovernedbythecode.PartBaddressesgeneral requirements applicable to “non-tubular connections”, for example, anything other thantubularconnections, whether statically or dynamically loaded. Part C covers non-tubularconnectionssubjecttocyclicloadingandPart D contains provisions for tubular connections, whether statically or cyclicallyloaded.

• Section 3—Prequalification is devoted solely toprequali- fiedweldingprocedurespecifications(WPSs).ForaWPS to be prequalified, it must comply with all the provisions ofthissectionofthecode.Requirementsincludeprequal- ifiedsteels,fillermetals,preheatlevels,weldjointdetails, welding processes, and welding parameters.

• Section 4—Qualification addresses the two subjects of WPS qualification and welding personnel qualification.

The types of tests necessary for qualification as well as limitations on the application of various qualification tests are fully detailed therein.

• Section 5—Fabrication covers general fabrication prac- tices and techniques required for all work performed in conformancewiththiscode,whethertheWPSsemployed are prequalified or qualified by test. Some workmanship standards are included in this section.

• Section 6—Inspection outlines the responsibilities of the various inspectors associated with steel construction. Inspection tasks are outlined, and some workmanship criteriaarecontainedinthissection.Thetechniquestobe used with the various nondestructive testing methodolo- gies are outlined, and acceptance criteria are supplied for differentapplications.

• Section 7—Stud Welding details the requirements for the weldingofshearstuds,eitherbythestudweldingprocess or by use of other arc welding processes (e.g., SMAW, FCAW).

• Section 8—Strengthening and Repairing Existing Struc- turesbriefly reviews the fundamental issues that must be addressed before modifications of existing structures are undertaken.

AWS D1.1alsocontainsaseriesofAnnexesandahelpful commentary that assists the user in correctly applying the code. Some annexes are mandatory (i.e., part of the code) whileothersarenot.AnnexBcontainstermsanddefinitions used in the code.
AWS D1.1 is subject to change, and all references con- tained within this Guide refer to the 2004 edition of this standard.

AISC Seismic Provisions for StructuralSteel Buildings
The AISC Seismic Provisions were developed to augment the AISC Specification, adding provisions deemed neces- sary for high-seismic applications, which require capability todissipateenergythroughcontrolledinelasticdeformations in major seismic events. Members and connections in the seismic load resisting system (SLRS), including the welds that join various members, are subject to the specialrequire- ments contained in the AISC SeismicProvisions.
The AISC Seismic Provisions contain a variety of welding-related requirements although, due to the develop- ment of AWS D1.8, such coverage may be significantly re- duced in future editions.
AISC Seismic Provisions are subject to change, and all references contained within this Guide refer to the 2005edi- tion of this standard.

AWS D1.8 Structural Welding Code—Seismic Supplement
AWS D1.8 contains the additional provisions intended to be applied to joints or members that are designed to resistyield levelstressesorstrainsduringdesignearthquakes.Justasthe AISC Seismic Provisions augment the AISC Specification, so AWS D1.8 supplements AWS D1.1. When AWS D1.8 is specified, all the provisions of AWS D1.1 still apply, unless modified or superseded by AWS D1.8. In AWS D1.8,