Metal concentrations in untreated and treated wastewater,as well as the respective removal efficiencies are summarizedin Table 1. The removal efficiencies estimated of the presentstudy are in agreement with those of previous studies reportedby various investigators [2,15,29–32]. Although there is anotable variability, removal of heavy metals by these systemsmay be regarded as a side benefit of the RP-BWTP treatmenttaking into account that biological wastewater treatment systems are mainly designed for removal of organic matterby activated sludge microorganisms [34].
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