In order to have a transmission zero, Fig. 4(a) shows the acceptable velocity ratios for a given even- and odd-mode impedances and capacitive loads. It should be less than an upper limit that is related to the circuit parameters. The smaller the capacitive reactances or the larger the even- and odd-mode impedances, the lower the limits. When the velocity ratio is fixed, the average electrical length will decrease if the even- and odd-mode impedances are increased or the capacitive reactances are reduced. This means that the frequency of the transmission zero becomeslower under these circumstances.
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