Aften inventing dynamite, swedish- born alfred nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Noble preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contribution to humanity. Originally there were five award: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economics was added in 1968 , just sixty- seven years after the first awards crremony. Noble's original legacy of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary from $30,000 to $ 125,000. Every year on december 10, the anniversary of noble's death, the award ( gold medal, illuminated diploma,and money) are presented to the winner. Sometimes politics plays an important role in the judges decision. American have won mumerous science awards, but relatively few literature pries. No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of world war 11. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; other have shared their prizes
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