Acidulants Sorbic acid and citric acids are commonly used asacidulants4 and/or as preservatives. Acetic, propionic,succinic, adipic, lactic, fumaric, malic, tartaric, andphosphoric acids can serve as acidulants as well. Acidulantsare used for various purposes in modern food processing.For example, citric acid adds a fresh, acidic flavor, whereassuccinic acid gives food a more salty, bitter taste. Inaddition to rendering foods more palatable and stimulating,acidulants act as• flavoring agents to intensify certain tastes and maskundesirable aftertastes• buffering agents to control the pH during foodprocessing and of the finished products• preservatives to prevent growth of microorganisms• synergists to antioxidants to prevent rancidity andbrowning• viscosity modifiers in baked goods• melting modifiers in cheese spreads and hard candy• meat curing agents to enhance color and flavorSample preparationChapter 1 Analytical examples of food additivesAcidulants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Antioxidants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Preservatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Artificial sweeteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Colorants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Flavors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Vanillin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Bitter compounds: hesperidin and naringenin . . . . . . . 1
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