LECTURE OUTLINE
I. DEFINING ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
A. Organizational Culture
1. Organizational culture refers to a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations. (ppt 4)
2. This system of shared meaning is, on closer examination, a set of key characteristics that the organization values.
3. Seven pri¬mary characteristics are: (ppt 5)
a) Innovation and risk taking. The degree to which employees are encouraged to be innovative and take risks.
b) Attention to detail. The degree to which employees are expected to exhibit preci¬sion, analysis, and attention to detail.
c) Outcome orientation. The degree to which management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve those out¬comes.
d) People orientation. The degree to which management decisions take into considera¬tion the effect of outcomes on people within the organization.
e) Team orientation. The degree to which work activities are organized around teams rather than individuals.
f) Aggressiveness. The degree to which people are aggressive and competitive rather than easy going.
g) Stability. The degree to which organizational activities emphasize maintaining the status quo in contrast to growth.
4. Each of these characteristics exists on a continuum from low to high.
5. Apprais¬ing the organization on these characteristics gives a composite picture of the organization’s culture.
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