Chillers, or air conditioners, utilize heat exchanges and circulate fluid or gas to cool the air that is passed through the unit. Chillers are often located in a mechanical area at ground level, or in a central plant in a campus environ- ment. Chillers cool air by removing heat using the refrigeration or vapor- compression cycle (also known as the reverse-Rankine cycle), which consists of compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation (Fig. 3.2).A refrigerant in vapor form is initially compressed in a compressor, reduc- ing its volume and increasing its temperature. It is then pumped to a condens- ing unit, where the refrigerant is cooled and condensed into a liquid. This liquid is then pumped to the indoor evaporator unit, where it is passed through
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