Performance Measurement: Rules For Driving Results1. Performance Measurement: Systems for Driving Business Results2. Learning Objectives. . . Understand the problems with traditional performance measures Learn how to use performance measures to align people to strategy Gain valuable insights into how to build and refine performance measurement systems that foster the achievement of strategic objectives 3. Are We Measuring the Right Things? In times of economic trouble and recession, it is natural for us to reconsider the way we do business. In many businesses, the signs will emerge that action must be taken. Our performance measures have to play a role in preparing us for the future. 4. What’s the Problem with Traditional Performance Measures? Many performance measures are too focused on financials. Financial measurements give us a picture of past business performance. On the other hand, a significant portion of measures related to customer service and internal processes do not give us a deep enough understanding of the factors that drive the business. 5. Why is a Comprehensive Performance Measurement System necessary? We need a performance measurement system to guide us to business results and value for shareholders (80% of respondents in an AICPA survey confirm this necessity). But there’s a problem in how we measure performance: Performance measurement systems are too narrowly focused on traditional financial measurements such as cash flow and sales revenue. 6. Why can’t we stick to using the Traditional Measures? The economic pace of the world has increased dramatically; winning organizations are agile. There are significant challenges ahead that can threaten the long-term outlook of any business (e.g. the retirement of “Baby Boomers” and the need for effective succession planning). Organizations face regulations, globalization, and increased competition. 7. Understanding “Hard” vs. “Soft” Metrics Hard metrics refer to financial results. They tell us how we did last month or last year. They do not provide insight into how we’ll do in the future. These are also called lagging indicators . Soft metrics can provide insight into future performance. These metrics track such items as employee development / engagement and process efficiency. These are also called leading indicators . 8. The Solution: Strategic Alignment To give our measures or KPIs (key performance indicators) the potency required to provide valuable business insights, they must be aligned to organizational strategy. 9. What should We ask when fixing Performance Measures / KPIs? We have to ask strategic questions first: Do we have a comprehensive and sound strategy? Do our measures relate to the strategy? Are we effectively using the data gathered through our measures to evaluate our strategic priorities and initiatives? 10. Example of Linking Performance Measures to Strategy: The Balanced Scorecard (Michael’s Pizza) Objectives Reduce Pizza Cycle Time Statement of what strategy must achieve and what’s critical to its success Target 9 Minutes 25% The level of performance or rate of improvement needed Key action programs required to achieve objectives Measurement Time (average time to make one pizza) How success in achieving the strategy will be measured and tracked Install new ovens Initiative Strategy Map: Diagram of the cause-and-effect relationships between strategic objectives Strategic Theme: Operating Efficiency Enhanced Profitability Financial Learning Increase Revenue Align the Kitchen Staff Hot Temperature Lower Costs Customer Internal Reduce Pizza Cycle Time Timely Deliveries Source: Kaplan and Norton11. What can We learn from the Michael’s Pizza example? Performance measures are determined after the strategic theme has been established and the strategy map has been built. Strategic planning is not about managing initiatives. Initiatives are not an end result, but they are a means of implementing a strategic objective and reaching a target. 12. What Rules does the Balanced Scorecard Establish in regards to Measurements? The BSC establishes a balance of leading and lagging indicators It requires us to articulate strategy before building and fixing measures It builds a discipline of creating targets to support and communicate measurements 13. How should Targets be constructed? Targets must be constructed through the feedback and input of employees. Business insight from multiple perspectives is required to establish targets that make sense. The more people have a hand in establishing a target, the more they’re likely to work hard to reach it.
14. How many Measures should You be using? “ I’d go with the magic number seven, plus or minus two.” David Larcker Ernst & Young Professor of Accounting, University of Pennsylvania “ Kaplan and Norton, however, figure that a well-designed balanced scorecard should have 23 to 25 measures, and that no more than five should be financial.” Loren Gary “ How to Think About Performance Measures Now”
15. How do You Instill Performance Measures into the Organization? Do not create and implement performance measures by yourself. Collaborate with others! Communicate the measures in simple terms over and over again. Conduct regular meetings to monitor performance numbers.
16. In summary. . . Traditional measurement systems are too focused on financial performance and do not provide us with enough business insight to drive lasting results Measurement systems for the modern business need a balance between leading and lagging indicators which are tied directly to the organizational strategy Measures, targets and initiatives are not end results of strategic plans but they are needed to support the execution of strategy Input from employees is required to create effective measures and targets
17. THANK YOU! Henry Killackey Global Institute for Management (GIM) 213.291.8655 [email_address] Visit us at www.gimanagement.com Please don’t forget to contact us with any questions!
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