It is necessary to use different types of the flooring material depending upon the use of the flooring surface. One single type of floor in the entire plant is not possible if wear is to be kept to a minimum. Plant floor requires different types of flooring in order to cope with hazards and other problems of various sections. It is desirable that floors should impervious, durable and long lasting. The material of flooring should be such that it can be cleaned easily, if required, non-slippery and cost effective. The flooring is designed considering the effect of washing and cleaning as well as and the ability to withstand changes of temperature by provision of adequate expansion joints.
The provision of adequate fall and drains helps not only to avoid the possibility of water pools but also assists the rapid removal of milk spillage and cleaning solutions. This helps in reducing the corrosion effect to the flooring materials. Normally, the fall should not be less than 1 in 80 for effective removal of liquids. Drainage channels should be at least 15 cm from the wall and drainage channels should not be placed along side walls, as far as possible. Water seepage may cause corrosion of structural steel and weakens the flooring base or R.C.C. Fig. 16.1 shows a cross section of construction of floor.
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