CHƯƠNG 3PHƯƠNG PHÁP NGHIÊN CỨUChương này thảo luận về việc thiết kế nghiên cứu, dân, kích thước lấy mẫu và lấy mẫu Kỹ thuật, mô tả của người trả lời, công cụ nghiên cứu, dữ liệu thu thập các thủ tục, Điều trị của dữ liệu thống kê được sử dụng bởi các nghiên cứu.3.1. nghiên cứu thiết kếTrong nghiên cứu này, các nhà nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp mô tả của nghiên cứu cho nó là các Các phương pháp thích hợp trong việc xác định những nhận thức của người trả lời về các điều kiện cho sự phát triển của các doanh nghiệp vừa và nhỏ tại các làng thủ công Mỹ nghệ truyền thống ở Bac Tỉnh Ninh. Phương pháp này được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu này bởi vì nó là một chương trình thực tế-tìm được thiết kế để cho phép một nhà nghiên cứu đầy đủ và chính xác giải thích dữ liệu thu thập, như cũng như, kết quả hoặc kết quả.3.2. dân, kích thước lấy mẫu và lấy mẫu kỹ thuậtTheo số liệu thống kê về số lượng các doanh nghiệp tại tỉnh Bắc Ninh, có có tổng cộng 6.167 doanh nghiệp vào năm 2013. Trong số đó, có được 2,437 vừa và nhỏ Các doanh nghiệp thủ công Mỹ nghệ truyền thống làng trong tỉnh Bắc Ninh (tập trung ở Bac Ninh thành phố, và huyện: Phong yên, thuận thành, Gia bình, Quế Võ, Du Tien, Luong Tai, Từ Sơn).Lấy mẫu được tiến hành với một mẫu chủ, cụ thể là lấy chủ đề là không Dựa trên địa tầng hoặc ngẫu nhiên, nhưng dựa trên các mục tiêu và xem xét cụ thể. Với một lớn số người lớn, mẫu của nghiên cứu sẽ được thực hiện từ dân of 2,437 SMEs in traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province by using the Slovin’s formula.To know the size of the study sample used in the Formula of Slovin (2001) as follows: 2) .( 1 e NNnWhere: n = number of samples N = number of population e = standard error of sampling is still tolerated, which is 5% Therefore, the sample size of the study is determined in the formula as follows: 2) 05 . 0 .( 437 , 2 1437 , 2 n344 n 583.3. Description of RespondentsRespondents included 344 representatives of small and medium enterprises in traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province. The author will choose 344 SMEs in traditional handicraft villages mainly in Phong Khe (Bac Ninh city), Dong Ky (Tu Son) and Dai Bai (Gia Binh) because these are three biggest traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province at the moment.This accounted the responses regarding their perception about the current situation of small and medium enterprises in traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province. Comments relating to factors affecting the development of small and medium enterprises in traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province as well as some suggestions to improve were also be considered.3.4. Research Instrument The researcher utilized the questionnaire checklist as the main instrument for data gathering. It consists of three parts. The first part consists of the business profile of the respondents in terms of Capitalization/investment; Type of products; Number ofemployees; and Scope of operation.The second part was the perception of respondents about elements in external environment and internal environment affect the development of small and mediumenterprises in traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province.The third part consist questions for sell-assessment of enterprises selected in traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province.The respondents were asked to rate each item using the following the 5 - pointLikert rating scale:Scale RangeVerbalinterpretation5 4,20 - 5,00 Excellent4 3,40 - 4,19 Good3 2,60 - 3,39 Fair2 1,80 - 2,59 Poor1 1,00 - 1,79 Very PoorUnstructured interview was also conducted by the researcher to the respondents in the process of administering the questionnaire-checklist. 593.5. Data Gathering Procedures In the conduct of the study, the researcher followed the following steps:First, the researcher consulted his adviser about the study he wanted to conduct. He had proposed several titles and the one approved is “Developing small and medium enterprises in traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province”. After had his proposal approved, the researcher looked for the materials that will be needed in the study. Through interviewed and related findings, the researcher gained ideas. Then, the researcher builtand developed the questionnaire checklist to be u sed in the study follows. Having all the materials and other information gather, the researcher started working on the first three chapters of his research which are the: Introduction; Literature Review; and Research Methodology.Then the researcher collected information by using tools that have been developed, the researcher will send questionnaires to gather information. Entered data into the database to manage was the next important step in the research process, the researcher used office excel to enter information. Finally, the researcher analyzed data by using Excel and SPSS software for ANOVA analysis.3.6. Statistical Treatment of DataIn this study, the author wanted to collect, classify and explain the data collected in the survey questionnaires. The study applied the following statistical treatment:To summarize the business profile of the respondents, frequency, percentage and rank distribution will be used.In order to determine the perception of the respondents, weighted mean would be utilized. And for further interpretation, the 5-point rating scale will also be used.The study used the following methods of investigation:PRA method: To identify the favorable conditions and difficulties as well as the risks and challenges for the development of SMEs in traditional handicraft villages of Bac Ninh province, we used Participatory Rapid Rural Appraise (PRA) in order to gathercomments from a group of respondents (opinions of the people who have direct influenceson the development of SMEs), such as: Evaluation of enterprises themselves, evaluation of
managers at levels from district (city) to province....
Econometric method:
The study used production function Y = f (X1, X2, ..., Xn) to study the correlation
relationship between Xi (i = 1 ... n) and dependent variable Y. In particular, the study chose
Cobb-Douglas (CD) for analysis. CD function has following form :
60
i
n
i
i i
i
u D n
i
i i
e X A Y
1
1
0
In which:
- Yi is the dependent variable; it is the indicator reflects the efficiency of the ith
observation. In this study, Y reflects the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in
traditional handicraft villages over the years, or Y may be a gross turnover of SMEs in
years.
- Xi is the explanatory variables reflect the impact on the dependent variable Yi. It may
be the investment expenditure for the construction of infrastructure in the province over the
years, total credit for medium and long term loans through the years, total amount of
development investment capital in the province over the years,... To estimate, the model
must move on a linear form by log both sides of the equation (*):
LnYi=LnA0
+ iLnXi +iDi + ui
After estimated coefficients of variables in the model , we can explain the relative
change and absolute change of Y when there are changes of impact factors. Specifically,
we calculate the indicators:
/
y Xi
Y Xi
E
Xi Y
This coefficient specifies that if factor Xi changes 1%, Y will change E%.
Then to study the perception of the respondents about conditions for the
development of small and medium enterprises in traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh
province, the author also uses the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
61
CHAPTER 4
FINDINGS AND SOLUTIONS ABOUT CURRENT SITUATION ON
DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN TRADITIONAL
HANDICRAFT VILLAGES OF BAC NINH PROVINCE
4.1. Overview of traditional handicraft villages and small and medium enterprises in
traditional handicraft villages in Bac Ninh province
4.1.1. Traditional handicraft villages
Bac Ninh is the province that has the highest number of handicraft villages,
traditional handicraft villages of the whole country (about 5% of the country's villages).
Pursuant to Directive Circular No. 116/2006/TT-BNN of the Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development to date 31/12/2013, Bac Ninh province has 133 villages, including 31
traditional handicraft villages, 62 handicraft villages and 40 new handicraft villages, with
53 handicraft villages of industry production, industry handicraft.
The primary focus of production and business sectors such as: Wood (Dong Ky,
Huong Mac - Tu Son); Paper (Phong Khe - Yen Phong, Phu Lam - Tien Du); Iron (MultiSociety); Aluminum (Yen Phong); Copper (Dai Bai - Gia Binh); Bamboo and Rattan (Tien
Du, Gia Binh); Textiles (Tuong Giang - Tu Son)... The handicraft villages in the province
have created jobs and stable incomes for tens of thousands of local workers and the
surrounding areas. Handicraft villages have an important contribution to socio-economic
development of the locality with manufacturing value of trillio n VND annually.
With 133 handicraft villages distributed in the districts, towns and cities, most of
which are concentrated in Tu Son town, with 36 handicraft villages, Yen Phong district has
26 handicraft villages. Manufacturing industries in handicraft villages are divided into 42
different industries and are classified according to the following groups: Processing and
preservation of agricultural, forestry and fishery : 19 handicraft villag
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