(1) Butterflies are among the most

(1) Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects, an estimated 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are, perhaps, the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

(2) Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.
For example, in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hour's walk, whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321. This early comparison of tropical and temperate butterfly richness has been well confirmed.

(3) A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly"personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.

(4) In documenting geographical variation in butterfly diversity, some arbitrary, practical decisions are made. Diversity, number of species, and species richness are used synonymously; little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution. The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of examples because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generatedby imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

Question 71: Which aspect of butterflies does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Their physical characteristics B. Their adaptation to different habitats
C. Their names D. Their variety

dich: khía cạnh nào của loài bướm là ý chính của bài khóa
thường thì khi ng ta hỏi về mainly discuss thì câu trả lời thường nằm ngay đầu đoạn văn hoạc là cuối đoạn và ở bài này nó nằm ở đoạn đầu của bài
Butterflies are among the most extensively studied insects, an estimated 90 percent of the world's species have scientific names. As a consequence, they are, perhaps, the best group of insects for examining patterns of terrestrial biotic diversity and distribution. Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.
vậy thì d/a là D sự đa dạng của chúng
Question 72: The word "consequence" in the passage is closest in meaning to "_______".
A. requirement B. analysis C. result D. explanation

consequence : kết quả ,hậu quả thì chọn ngay là C nhể
Question 73: Butterflies are a good example for communicating information about conservation issues because they _______.
A. are found mainly in temperate climates B.have been given scientific names
C. are simple in structure D. are viewed positively by people
người ta hỏi cái gì thì gạch chân hoặc tô đậm những từ chính trong câu hỏi rồi tim trong bài koi những từ đó ở đoạn nào thì xoáy vào chổ đó mà tìm ra d/a
câu này nó nằm ngay đoạn 1 luôn . Butterflies also have a favorable image with the general public. Hence, they are an excellent group for communicating information on science and conservation issues such as diversity.

Question 74: The word "striking" in the passage is closest in meaning to "_______".
A. noticeable B. successful C. confusing D. physical

Perhaps the aspect of butterfly diversity that has received the most attention over the past century is the striking difference in species richness between tropical and temperate regions.
dich: Có lẽ các khía cạnh của sự đa dạng của con bướm đã nhận được sự chú ý nhất trong thế kỷ qua là sự khác biệt_______ trong loài phong phú giữa vùng nhiệt đới và ôn đới.
B, thành công (loại) C phức tạp(loại) D vật lý, vật chất ( loại) A đáng chú ý, lắp vô dịch hợp nghĩa chọn
Question 75: The word “exceed” in the passage is closest in meaning to "_______".
A. allow B. go beyond C. come close to D. locate

whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66, and the whole of Europe supported only 321
exceed : vượt quá, dư thừ = go beyond
Question 76: All of the followings are mentioned as being important parts of a general theory of diversity EXCEPT _______.
A. differences between temperate and tropical zones
B. variation of patterns of distribution of species among different animals and plants
C. patterns of distribution of species in each region
D. migration among temperate and tropical zones


ở đâu có a general theory of diversity ah thì ra là ở đoạn 3 vậy thì cho nó xuống đây cho dể coi vậy
A general theory of diversity would have to predict not only this difference between temperate and tropical zones, but also patterns within each region, and how these patterns vary among different animal and plant groups. However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood. Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly"personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas, these patterns are still in the documentation phase.
những ý mà mình đã bôi đen đó thì trong câu đều có trong câu A,B,C
và D sự di cư giữa vùng ôn đới và nhiệt đới thì chả tháy đâu vậy chọn D
Question 77: The author mentions "tropical Asia"in the passage as an example of a location where _______.
A. a general theory of butterfly diversity has not yet been firmly established
B. butterflies are affected by human populations
C. butterfly behavior varies with climate
D. documenting plant species is more difficult than documenting butterfly species

Indeed, comparisons of numbers of species among the Amazon basin, tropical Asia, and Africa are still mostly "personal communication" citations, even for vertebrates. In other words, unlike comparison between temperate and tropical areas,
các e có thấy chữ personal communication anh đã bôi đen có nghĩa là thông tin cái nhân mà đã là thông tin cái nhân thì nó chưa đc chứng thực
vậy thì A là d/a đúng
Question 78: Which of the following is NOT well understood by biologists?
A. European butterfly habitats
B. Comparisons of behavior patterns of butterflies and certain animal groups
C. Differences in species richness within a temperate or a tropical region
D. Differences in species richness between temperate and tropical regions

dịch : cái gì mà các nhà sinh vật học chưa thể hiểu rõ đc
muốn tìm d/a thì phải soi ở đoạn 3
However, for butterflies, variation of species richness within temperate or tropical regions, rather than between them, is poorly understood.
từ cái chữ poorly understood : hiểu biết nông cạn, nghèo nàn
Question 79: The idea "little is known about the evenness of butterfly distribution"is that _______.
A. there are many other things that we don't know about butterfly evenness distribution
B. wedon't know anything about butterfly evenness distribution
C. we know much about butterfly evenness distribution
D. we know about butterfly evenness distribution to some extent
Question 80: The word "generated" in the passage is closest in meaning to "_______".
A. assisted B. estimated C. requested D. caused
A, hổ trợ B, ước tính C, yêu cầu D, gây ra
tất nhiên những từ mà họ đưa ra bắt mình chọn thì nó cũng dễ biết dc nghĩa còn cái từ mà họ bôi đen mới là vấn đề

The New World butterflies make up the preponderance of examples because they are the most familiar species. It is hoped that by focusing on them, the errors generated by imperfect and incomplete taxonomy will be minimized.

lúc ở nhà làm thì mình có rheer tra từ còn lúc vô thi ai cho mang từ điển vô mà tra nhể , vậy chỉ còn cách đoán thôi
ta thấy trước chữ generated có chữ error chữ này thì ai cũng biết và sau nó có chữ imperfect : ko hoàn hảo
ghép với giới từ By nữa xem nó ra cái gì nào the errors ______ by imperfect bắt đầu thay vô chổ trống thấy cái nào hợp nghia đọc lên nghe suôn tai thì chọn nó thôi
A thay vô ko hợp bỏ, B thay vô cũng ko hợp loại, C , cũng vậy chỉ có D (gây ra bởi ) úi trà hợp lý quá chọn